Publisher’s Note: Effect of Laser Intensity on Fast-Electron-Beam Divergence in Solid-Density Plasmas [Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 015003 (2008)]

Relativistic High-Current Electron-Beam Stopping-Power Characterization in Solids and Plasmas: Collisional Versus Resistive Effects

“…The tested transport media, ranging from solid to warm dense matter, are much denser than the injected REB, being reasonable to assume an efficient neutralization of the injected current (j h ) by a counterstreaming current (j e ) of background thermal electrons (j h % Àj e ). Under these conditions, the numerical description of the REB transport often uses the so-called hybrid approach, where the incident and weakly collisional electrons are modeled kinetically and the highly collisional return current is described as an inertialess fluid [10,13,14].Most of the REB transport experiments carried out up to now have used solid targets [8,15,16]. Only a few entered in the warm dense matter regime driving the targets by shock compression in planar [17][18][19][20] or cylindrical [21,22] geometries.…”

“…Most of the REB transport experiments carried out up to now have used solid targets [8,15,16]. Only a few entered in the warm dense matter regime driving the targets by shock compression in planar [17][18][19][20] or cylindrical [21,22] geometries.…”

“…The REB transports energy from the generation region (with density and temperature in the level of a few g=cm 3 and a few eV, respectively) to the high-density ($ 400 g=cm 3 ) and hightemperature ($ 300 eV) core, where it must deliver a minimum of 20 kJ to heat the fuel to thermonuclear temperatures ($ 5-10 keV) [6]. The energy transport efficiency can be limited by such physical processes as collisional or collective energy loss [7], divergence [8,9], filamentation [10][11][12], etc. The energy losses over the highly inhomogeneous electron transport zone should be accurately predicted for a successful full-scale FI design.…”

Collimation of Fast Electrons in Critical Density Plasma Channel

“…The distributions indicate the divergence angle of the fast electrons is 11 ± 2 • (FWHM). This angle is around a quarter of the one (35∼65 • (FWHM)) measured in case of the standard foil target [5,10,11]. 2D PIC simulation also produces this narrow electron beam divergence.…”

“…1. It is clearly shown that the electron beam is significantly collimated compared to that obtained from standard foil targets (35∼65 • (FWHM)) [5,10,11]. Using gaussian fitting to the electron distribution, the divergence angle is estimated to be 11 • ± 2 • (FWHM).…”