Pubertal Timing and Cardiometabolic Markers at Age 16 Years

Berentzen, Nina E.; Wijga, Alet H.; Rossem, Lenie van; Postma, Dirkje S.; Gehring, Ulrike; Smit, Henriëtte A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.04.008

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Sixth, early age at rebound may play a role in initiating puberty, 49,50 which could explain the metabolic results among early adolescent subjects who had a more advanced pubertal stage than others. 51 However, we observed no appreciable changes to our results after additional adjustment for pubertal score. Finally, our study findings may not be generalizable to other ethnic groups and populations from different settings, since many of our participants were White and university educated.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Patterns of body mass index milestones in early life and cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence

Aris

Rifas‐Shiman

et al. 2019

International Journal of Epidemiology

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Background Few studies have examined the independent and combined relationships of body mass index (BMI) peak and rebound with adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic risk later in life. We used data from Project Viva, a well-characterized birth cohort from Boston with repeated measures of BMI, to help fill this gap. Methods Among 1681 children with BMI data from birth to mid childhood, we fitted individual BMI trajectories using mixed-effects models with natural cubic splines and estimated age, and magnitude of BMI, at peak (in infancy) and rebound (in early childhood). We obtained cardiometabolic measures of the children in early adolescence (median 12.9 years) and analysed their associations with the BMI parameters. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, age and magnitude at infancy BMI peak were associated with greater adolescent adiposity, and earlier adiposity rebound was strongly associated with greater adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic risk score independently of BMI peak. Children with a normal timing of BMI peak plus early rebound had an adverse cardiometabolic profile, characterized by higher fat mass index {β 2.2 kg/m2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6, 2.9]}, trunk fat mass index [1.1 kg/m2 (0.8, 1.5)], insulin resistance [0.2 units (0.04, 0.4)] and metabolic risk score [0.4 units (0.2, 0.5)] compared with children with a normal BMI peak and a normal rebound pattern. Children without a BMI peak (no decline in BMI after the rise in infancy) also had adverse adolescent metabolic profiles. Conclusions Early age at BMI rebound is a strong risk factor for cardiometabolic risk, independent of BMI peak. Children with a normal peak-early rebound pattern, or without any BMI decline following infancy, are at greatest risk of adverse cardiometabolic profile in adolescence. Routine monitoring of BMI may help to identify children who are at greatest risk of developing an adverse cardiometabolic profile in later life and who may be targeted for preventive interventions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Patterns of body mass index milestones in early life and cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence

Aris

Rifas‐Shiman

et al. 2019

International Journal of Epidemiology

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“…The present study also reported no significant association between the identified DP and cardiometabolic risk factors specific to any gender, even though, males were reported to have a higher mean FBG level and a lower mean TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels compared to females. This could be due to differences in the timing of puberty among the study adolescents [59,60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of an empirical dietary pattern with cardiometabolic risk factors in Malaysian adolescents

et al. 2020

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Background: This study aimed to identify a dietary pattern (DP) characterised mainly by high intakes of free sugar and other nutrients hypothesised to be associated with obesity such as dietary energy density (DED), percentage of energy from total fat and fibre density in adolescents from three southern states of Peninsular Malaysia, and its associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study among 335 adolescents who provided both dietary information assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and biochemical parameters including lipid profile, blood glucose, serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Anthropometric measurements included weight (kg), height (cm) and waist circumference (cm), while body mass index (BMI) in kg/ m 2 was estimated, respectively. Reduced rank regression (RRR) identified a DP with percentage of energy from sugar and total fat, DED and fibre density intake as response variables. Results: The identified 'high sugar, high fibre, high DED and low fat' DP was characterised by high intakes of sugarsweetened beverages, fruits, sweets and low intakes of meat and cereal. Adolescents in the highest tertile of the identified DP had about 3.0 (OR = 2.7; 95%CI: 1.3, 5.6) and 2.0 (OR = 1.9; 95%CI: 1.0, 3.5) times higher odds of having dyslipideamia or elevated total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level, respectively compared to adolescents in the lowest tertile DP after adjusting for sex, school location, maternal education, physical activity, dietary misreporting and BMI z-score. This DP was not significantly associated with overweight and obesity. Conclusions: Higher adherence to a DP characterised mainly by free sugars and DED was associated with greater odds of having dyslipideamia, elevated total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in Malaysian adolescents.

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“…Standard CV risk factors have been more extensively investigated, although evidence of associations between age at menarche and lipids 7,11,14–16 and blood pressure (BP) 7,11,15–18 has been mixed with some studies exhibiting associations in the expected direction but others finding no evidence of such associations. The limited numbers of studies that have included males have also found little evidence of associations between pubertal timing and CV risk factors 14,17,19–21 . We have previously found, in a British birth cohort study, that earlier puberty was associated with higher BP at 53 years in men, but that there was no association with lipid profile 14,17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between pubertal timing and markers of vascular and cardiac structure and function in men and women aged 60–64 years

Hardy

Maddock

Ghosh

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Earlier age at menarche has been associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease, but the mechanisms underlying the association remain unclear. We assessed the relationship of pubertal timing, in both men (n = 672) and women (n = 713), with vascular (carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV)) and cardiac (left ventricular (LV) structure and function) measures recorded at age 60–64 yrs in a British birth cohort study. Regression models found that earlier menarche was associated with higher (more adverse) LV mass, LV end diastolic volume and left atrial volume, but not with other cardiac measures, cIMT or PWV. Associations were attenuated after adjustment for either adult or childhood BMI (e.g. mean difference in LV mass per year later menarche: −4.2 g (95% CI:−7.0,−1.4) reducing to −2.2 g (95% CI:−4.7,0.4) after adjustment for adult BMI). There were no associations among men, despite those fully mature at 15 yrs having higher blood pressure than the least mature group by 10.21 mmHg (95% CI:19.45,0.98). Any effect of pubertal timing on vascular and cardiac structure and function is likely to be small and primarily confounded by pre-pubertal BMI and/or mediated through adult adiposity.

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Pubertal Timing and Cardiometabolic Markers at Age 16 Years

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Patterns of body mass index milestones in early life and cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence

Patterns of body mass index milestones in early life and cardiometabolic risk in early adolescence

Associations of an empirical dietary pattern with cardiometabolic risk factors in Malaysian adolescents

The relationship between pubertal timing and markers of vascular and cardiac structure and function in men and women aged 60–64 years

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