PTI-ETI crosstalk: an integrative view of plant immunity

Yuan, Minhang; Ngou, Bruno Pok Man; Ding, Pingtao; Xin, Xiaoyi

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102030

Cited by 484 publications

(368 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Therefore, plants evolve a two-layered innate immune system consisting of the pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and the effectortriggered immunity (ETI). PTI and ETI result in many overlapping downstream outputs, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, programmed cell death (PCD), transcriptional reprograming, and phytohormone signaling (e.g., salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonate acid (JA)) [221]. Besides, genome-wide H3K27me3 atlas was observed in plant responses to infection by pathogens [219,220,[222][223][224].…”

Section: Biotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of H3K27me3 Modification on Plant Adaptation to Environmental Cues

Shen

Lin

et al. 2021

Plants

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Given their sessile nature, plants have evolved sophisticated regulatory networks to confer developmental plasticity for adaptation to fluctuating environments. Epigenetic codes, like tri-methylation of histone H3 on Lys27 (H3K27me3), are evidenced to account for this evolutionary benefit. Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and PRC1 implement and maintain the H3K27me3-mediated gene repression in most eukaryotic cells. Plants take advantage of this epigenetic machinery to reprogram gene expression in development and environmental adaption. Recent studies have uncovered a number of new players involved in the establishment, erasure, and regulation of H3K27me3 mark in plants, particularly highlighting new roles in plants’ responses to environmental cues. Here, we review current knowledge on PRC2-H3K27me3 dynamics occurring during plant growth and development, including its writers, erasers, and readers, as well as targeting mechanisms, and summarize the emerging roles of H3K27me3 mark in plant adaptation to environmental stresses.

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Section: Biotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of H3K27me3 Modification on Plant Adaptation to Environmental Cues

Shen

Lin

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…oryzicola ( Xoc ), is a devastating rice disease in Asia, Africa and Australia (Ji et al, 2014; Nino‐Liu et al, 2006). Like other Xanthomonads, Xoc utilizes the type III secretion system (T3SS) to translocate effector proteins directly into host cells to suppress plant immunity (Nino‐Liu et al, 2006; Yuan et al, 2021). Transcription activator‐like effectors (TALEs) act as virulence or avirulence factors and function as eukaryotic transcription factors in plant cell nuclei, where they bind to effector‐binding elements (EBEs) of targeted plant gene promoters via a TALE‐encoded central repeat region (CRR).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice by editing the promoter of susceptibility gene OsSULRT3;6

Zakria

et al. 2021

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…Nevertheless, Dex + samples had more elevated levels of these transcripts. It is interesting to mention here that while BIK1 and MPK3 upregulations in ETI AvrRps4 is EDS1-dependent [ 13 ], as our RNAseq data indicated for ETI HopA1pss -like responses, it is clearly not. Whether these observations implicate EDS1-requirement in AvrRps4-, but not HopA1 pss -perception for ETI-elicitation thus hinting on cellular locales/processes where the corresponding avirulent effectors are intercepted remains an encouraging possibility to consider.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Recent reports emphasized ETI potentiation of PTI networks [ 13 , 14 , 32 ]. In agreement to this, our RNAseq data contained upregulated expression of a vast majority of PTI-responsive genes such as BAK1 , SOBIR1 , BIK1 , MPK6 , NHL10 , FOX1 , WRKY29 , FRK1 , MKK4 , MKK5, among others in Dex + than Dex − Dex:HopA1 pss -Myc eds1-2 samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular signatures of ETI share remarkable overlap with PTI and includes processes such as activation of MAPK cascades, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), callose deposits on cell walls, increased production of defensive hormone salicylic acid (SA), upregulation of defense-associated genes, among others and in selective cases, often in accordance with effector load, is accompanied by localized programmed cell-death called hypersensitive responses (HR) [ 10 , 11 ]. As recently reported, ETI potentiates PTI at a molecular level not only with replenishment of cellular components suppressed by the effectors but also through expression/stability boosts on modulators that drive selective immune signaling routes [ 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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HopA1 Effector from Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae Strain 61 Affects NMD Processes and Elicits Effector-Triggered Immunity

Dahale

Ghosh

Ingole

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Pseudomonas syringae-secreted HopA1 effectors are important determinants in host range expansion and increased pathogenicity. Their recent acquisitions via horizontal gene transfer in several non-pathogenic Pseudomonas strains worldwide have caused alarming increase in their virulence capabilities. In Arabidopsis thaliana, RESISTANCE TO PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE 6 (RPS6) gene confers effector-triggered immunity (ETI) against HopA1pss derived from P. syringae pv. syringae strain 61. Surprisingly, a closely related HopA1pst from the tomato pathovar evades immune detection. These responsive differences in planta between the two HopA1s represents a unique system to study pathogen adaptation skills and host-jumps. However, molecular understanding of HopA1′s contribution to overall virulence remain undeciphered. Here, we show that immune-suppressive functions of HopA1pst are more potent than HopA1pss. In the resistance-compromised ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) null-mutant, transcriptomic changes associated with HopA1pss-elicited ETI are still induced and carry resemblance to PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) signatures. Enrichment of HopA1pss interactome identifies proteins with regulatory roles in post-transcriptional and translational processes. With our demonstration here that both HopA1 suppress reporter-gene translations in vitro imply that the above effector-associations with plant target carry inhibitory consequences. Overall, with our results here we unravel possible virulence role(s) of HopA1 in suppressing PTI and provide newer insights into its detection in resistant plants.

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PTI-ETI crosstalk: an integrative view of plant immunity

Cited by 484 publications

References 114 publications

Dynamics of H3K27me3 Modification on Plant Adaptation to Environmental Cues

Dynamics of H3K27me3 Modification on Plant Adaptation to Environmental Cues

Increasing resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice by editing the promoter of susceptibility gene OsSULRT3;6

HopA1 Effector from Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae Strain 61 Affects NMD Processes and Elicits Effector-Triggered Immunity

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