Pterostilbene Attenuates Cocultured BV-2 Microglial Inflammation-Mediated SH-SY5Y Neuronal Oxidative Injury via SIRT-1 Signalling

Abstract

Microglial inflammation plays an important part in the progression of multiple neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, depression, and traumatic encephalopathy. Here, we aimed to explore the role of pterostilbene (PTE) in the microglial inflammatory response and subsequent damage of cocultured neural cells and partially explain the underlying mechanisms. In the coculture system of lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 microglia and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma, PTE (only given to BV-2) exhibited protection on SH-SY5Y cells, evidenced by improved SH-SY5Y morphology and viability and LDH release. It also attenuated SH-SY5Y apoptosis and oxidative stress, evidenced by TUNEL and DCFH-DA staining, as well as MDA, SOD, and GSH levels. Moreover, PTE upregulated SIRT-1 expression and suppressed acetylation of NF-κB p65 subunit in BV-2 microglia, thus decreasing the inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-6. Furthermore, the effects above were reversed by SIRT-1 inhibitor EX527. These results suggest that PTE reduces the microglia-mediated inflammatory response and alleviates subsequent neuronal apoptosis and oxidative injury via increasing SIRT-1 expression and inhibiting the NF-κB signalling pathway.

Atorvastatin Attenuates Isoflurane-Induced Activation of ROS-p38MAPK/ATF2 Pathway, Neuronal Degeneration, and Cognitive Impairment of the Aged Mice

“…BV-2, a microglial cell line, (purchased from Cell Bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China), was used to further illustrate the role of the p38MAPK/ATF2 pathway in isoflurane induced neuroinflammation. The cells were cultured and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), which contained 10% fetal bovine serum, 10 μg/mL penicillin, and 10 U/mL streptomycin, as previously reported ( Wang et al, 2018 ; Zhu et al, 2020 ). The cells were cultivated under the conditions of 95% air and 5% CO 2 at 37°C and passaged by trypsinization for further study ( Wang et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Cell viability was determined by the CCK-8 method (Cell Counting kit-8, Tongren Institute of Chemistry, Japan) ( Zhu et al, 2020 ). The cells were incubated with DMEM and CCK-8 medium for 3 h, and the absorbance value was measured using a marker at a wavelength of 450 nm.…”

“…When cell damage or death occurs, the LDH is released into the extracellular space. Thus, LDH activity in cell culture medium is related to cell death ( Xiang et al, 2014 ; Zhu et al, 2020 ). LDH activity was detected according to the instructions of the LDH release assay kits (Promega, United States).…”

Exosomes Derived From Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Radiation-Induced Brain Injury by Activating the SIRT1 Pathway

“…In the CNS, SIRT-1 plays an important role in promoting neurodevelopment, delaying brain senescence, maintaining homeostasis, and modulating circadian rhythm ( Herskovits and Guarente, 2014 ; Xu J. et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, a growing number of studies have shown that SIRT-1 exhibits a key role in regulating neuroinflammation via inhibiting NACHT domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and PYD-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling, nuclear factor- (NF-) κB pathway, and IL-1β transcription, which may relate to the modulating of microglial function ( Zhang et al, 2019 ; Zhu et al, 2020 ). In the in vivo study, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, decreased expression of SIRT1 and microglial infiltration were observed.…”

The Antithrombotic Agent Pterostilbene Interferes with Integrin αIIbβ3-Mediated Inside-Out and Outside-In Signals in Human Platelets

“…Pterostilbene (PTE; trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxystilbene; Figure 1 A), a natural stilbenoid occurring in grapes and berries, is a dimethylated analog of resveratrol [ 3 ]. PTE exhibits several remarkable pharmacological activities [ 4 ] including antiaging, anticancer, anti-diabetes, and neuroprotection. In addition, Park et al [ 5 ] demonstrated that PTE inhibited the PDGF-BB-induced cell growth of vascular smooth muscle cells in rats through inhibition of the Akt-dependent pathway.…”