Psychotic-Like Experiences Questionnaire

Laurens, Kristin; Hodgins, Sheilagh; Maughan, Barbara; Murray, Robin M.; Rutter, Michael; Taylor, Eric

doi:10.1037/t30217-000

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Young people from a subsample of the CHADS longitudinal community cohort (n=407; as reported in (Gronholm et al, 2015)) who met the following two criteria were eligible to participate in the present study: (1) at least one child-reported "certainly true" response among nine items assessing psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) (Laurens et al, 2007) at the CHADS screening assessment, and at least one "certainly true" or "somewhat true" response at follow-up data collection (on average two years later; see (Downs, Cullen, Barragan, & Laurens, 2013)); (2) internalizing or externalizing problems in the clinical (abnormal) range (approximately top 10% on population norms) as measured by child-reported 8 Emotional Symptoms, and/or caregiver-reported Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity-Inattention, and/or Peer Relationship Problems on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (R. Goodman, 1997) at CHADS screening, and at clinical or borderline range (approximately top 20% on population norms) at follow-up. Further, purposive sampling was used to achieve a balanced sample amongst those who met inclusion criteria in terms of the following individual and family-characteristics: gender, age, ethnicity, and caregivers' reports of stigma.…”

Section: Recruitment and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

et al. 2016

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The interrelationship between stigma and help-seeking is under-researched amongst children and adolescents. This study explored stigma in relation to pathways to care amongst young people putatively in an early stage of increased risk of developing psychotic disorders. 'Pathways to care' was defined as help-seeking and support from informal and formal resources, and increased risk was determined though the presence of persistent psychotic-like experiences and internalizing/externalizing psychopathology.Twenty-nine qualitative interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. We defined the super-ordinate theme in these data as "conditional disclosure"; a concept reflecting the rules and prerequisites that influenced how/whether participants sought help. Through parallels between these findings and established stigma theory, we examined how these conditions could be interpreted as influenced by stigma. Our findings demonstrate the influence of stigma on young people's perceptions of a range of preclinical symptoms, and on how they seek support for these symptoms. 3Mental health problems are estimated to affect around one in ten children and adolescents (Polanczyk, Salum, Sugaya, Caye, & Rohde, 2015). These early difficulties can develop into longstanding issues; indeed, the origins of most adult mental disorders can be tracked back to early life, with onset for around half of lifetime cases occurring before the age of fifteen years, and three-quarters by the midtwenties (Kessler et al., 2007). Early difficulties are also associated with disrupted social functioning, compromised educational attainment, and negative impacts on, for example, adulthood relationships and marriage stability, parenting, physical health, and socio-economic outcomes (A. Goodman, Joyce, & Smith, 2011;Riglin, Petrides, Frederickson, & Rice, 2014). These early difficulties remain untreated for many, and this under-treatment of mental disorders amongst children and adolescents is recognized as a public health concern around the world (Polanczyk et al., 2015). For example, in Great Britain, only 24% of children aged 5-16 years with a diagnosable mental disorder had received treatment from specialist mental health services within the previous year (Green, McGinnity, Meltzer, Ford, & Goodman, 2005).An improved understanding of the mechanisms, stages and patterns underlying young people's helpseeking and service use, and the potential barriers to these processes, could inform strategies aiming to reduce this treatment gap.One potential barrier to receiving care is mental-health related stigma. Stigma has been defined as the situation of a person disqualified from social acceptance due to possessing a deeply discredited attribute, which reduces the stigmatized individual from a whole and usual person to a tainted and discounted one (Goffman, 1963). This definition outlines that, in the case of mental illness, this attribute reflects a blemish on the individual character. Stigma has been conceptualized in many ways. For example, one freque...

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Section: Recruitment and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

et al. 2016

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“…Almost two-thirds of children reported at least one PLE, implying that these experiences may be part of a spectrum of normative childhood experience in middle childhood [15]. Recent metaanalyses indicate that auditory hallucinations are more prevalent among children aged 9-12 years (median prevalence: 17 % [21]) than in the adolescent (7.5 %) or adult (5-8 % [22]) general population, with questionnaire measures typically eliciting higher rates than clinical interviews [23].…”

Section: Childhood Plesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst the majority of children reporting PLEs will not go on to develop a SSD in adulthood, for many children, these experiences are not benign; more than a third (40.9 %) reported distress or functional impairment associated with these experiences, particularly those presenting the antecedent triad (68.1 % [9]). In children, similarly to the adult population [26], the PLE items load on a construct which is correlated with, but dissociable from, the constructs underpinning internalising and externalising problems [15]. Two items assessing hallucination-like experiences appeared most suited to identifying children with vulnerability to psychotic illness in the general population [15], with such items previously also showing strong criterion validity for psychotic symptoms elicited by diagnostic interview among 11-13-year olds [24].…”

Section: Childhood Plesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In children, similarly to the adult population [26], the PLE items load on a construct which is correlated with, but dissociable from, the constructs underpinning internalising and externalising problems [15]. Two items assessing hallucination-like experiences appeared most suited to identifying children with vulnerability to psychotic illness in the general population [15], with such items previously also showing strong criterion validity for psychotic symptoms elicited by diagnostic interview among 11-13-year olds [24].…”

Section: Childhood Plesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greater London average 37.1 %, and England average 80.3 %), with the remainder of black (45.2 %), Asian (11.4 %), other white (9.0 %), or other (9.5 %) ethnicities. 5 Representative indices (by child self-report) include basic demographic information (age, sex), PLEs [7,15], and emotional symptoms, peer relationship problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity-inattention [11,12]. Few differences between the cross-sectional and longitudinal community samples are notable on these measures (see primary publications and [9]).…”

Section: Developmental Antecedents Of Ssdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward earlier identification and preventative intervention in schizophrenia: evidence from the London Child Health and Development Study

Laurens

Cullen

2015

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose The London Child Health and Development Study (CHADS) is a prospective, longitudinal investigation of children, sampled from the general community aged 9-11 years and assessed biennially, who present premorbid risk markers for schizophrenia. The study aims to characterise developmental trajectories of psychological, cognitive, and biological functioning in atrisk children and identify potential targets for early preventative intervention. This review summarises CHADS findings, discusses these in the context of recent theory regarding aetiology and prevention of schizophrenia, and highlights challenges to be addressed with future research. Methods We review (1) epidemiological information on the prevalence and correlates of developmental antecedents of schizophrenia in the general child population, (2) evidence of psychosocial, cognitive, and biological dysfunctions in at-risk children presenting multiple antecedents of schizophrenia and at-risk children with a family history of schizophrenia, and (3) related findings from an associated sample of helpseeking children receiving intervention. Results Community-based screening of 9-11-year olds identified *9 % with a triad of antecedents of schizophrenia [including psychotic-like experiences (PLEs)] who are putatively at-risk of psychosis; these children reported greater exposure and responsivity to stressors, impairments in general intelligence and specific cognitive functions, brain structure and function abnormalities, and neuromotor dysfunction. Preliminary evidence suggests distressing PLEs are a viable target for cognitive-behavioural intervention in at-risk children. Conclusions Intervention in early, premorbid phases of illness might alleviate current difficulties and avert future schizophrenia using benign treatments. The CHADS programme has identified several markers that may index early pathophysiology and constitute potential targets for preventative intervention.

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Assessment of the Prodromal Questionnaire–Brief Child Version for Measurement of Self-reported Psychoticlike Experiences in Childhood

et al. 2018

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These results provide support for the construct validity and demonstrate adequate psychometric properties of a self-report instrument designed to measure childhood PLEs, providing evidence that the PQ-BC may be a useful measure of early risk for psychotic disorders. Furthermore, these data suggest that PLEs at school age are associated with many of the same familial, cognitive, and emotional factors associated with psychotic symptoms in older populations, consistent with the dimensionality of psychosis across the lifespan.

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Psychotic-Like Experiences Questionnaire

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

Conditional Disclosure on Pathways to Care: Coping Preferences of Young People at Risk of Psychosis

Toward earlier identification and preventative intervention in schizophrenia: evidence from the London Child Health and Development Study

Assessment of the Prodromal Questionnaire–Brief Child Version for Measurement of Self-reported Psychoticlike Experiences in Childhood

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