Psychosis and Other Psychiatric Manifestations of Levodopa Therapy

Celesia, Gastone G.; Barr, Arlene N.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1970.00480270003001

Cited by 165 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Yet, pre-geniculate visual disturbances cannot thoroughly explain the emergence of VH as hypodopaminergic visual disturbances (and the accompanying abnormalities of visual evoked potentials and electroretinograms) [98,99] are corrected by transient or chronic administration of dopaminergic therapy [64], whereas hallucinations mostly appear in chronically treated PD patient [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In addition, despite the occurrence of visual abnormalities in PD, ocular pathology doesn't seem to demarcate PD patients who hallucinate from those compared to those who did not [30].…”

Section: Box 3 Generating Visual Hallucinations In Parkinson's Diseasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual Hallucinations in PD and Lewy Body Dementias: Old and New Hypotheses

Onofrj

Taylor

Monaco

et al. 2013

Behavioural Neurology

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Abstract. Visual Hallucinations (VH) are a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's Disease (PD) and the Lewy body dementias (LBD) of Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). The origin of VH in PD and LBD is debated: earlier studies considered a number of different possible mechanisms underlying VH including visual disorders, Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Intrusions, dysfunctions of top down or bottom up visual pathways, and neurotransmitter imbalance. More recently newer hypotheses introduce, among the possible mechanisms of VH, the role of attention networks (ventral and dorsal) and of the Default Mode Network (DMN) a network that is inhibited during attentional tasks and becomes active during rest and self referential imagery. Persistent DMN activity during active tasks with dysfunctional imbalance of dorsal and ventral attentional networks represents a new hypothesis on the mechanism of VH. We review the different methods used to classify VH and discuss reports supporting or challenging the different hypothetical mechanisms of VH.

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Section: Box 3 Generating Visual Hallucinations In Parkinson's Diseasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, Visual Hallucinations (VH) in Parkinson's Disease (PD) first received attention when several reports showed that chronic dopaminomimetic treatments could trigger their onset [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Hallucinations in PD and Lewy Body Dementias: Old and New Hypotheses

Onofrj

Taylor

Monaco

et al. 2013

Behavioural Neurology

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“…Also, stimulation of the caudate nucleus head in man produces transitory amnesia (during stimulation), speech disorder, euphoria and absence of response to auditory and/ or visual stimuli (20). A relationship between the caudate nucleus and schizophrenia was suggested by various investigators (6). The coexistence of psychosis or psychiatric symptoms is not uncommon in Parkinson's disease and in other diseases which destroy basal ganglia tissue, such as carbon monoxide and manganese poisoning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If there is a more basic relationship between neurological and psychiatric symptoms it has yet to be determined. Some investigators have observed a correlation between the onset of psychiatric symptoms during levodopa therapy and improvement or worsening of the Parkinsonian symptomatology (6,21). It Should be remembered that phenothiazine therapy is claimed to be most effective if a slight Parkinson's state is induced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Manifestations of Levodopa

Yaryura-Tobias

Diamond

Merlis

1972

Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal

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“…The 7 out of the 60 patients who were actively hallucinating all had mild de mentia on the Mini-Mental Status Scale. It has long been recognized that as high as 15% of patients on long term therapy for PD will eventually develop hallucinations [7].…”

Section: Visual Hallucinations Can Be Due To a Com Bination Of Both Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Hallucinations in the Elderly

Paulson¹

1997

Gerontology

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Visual hallucinations, without auditory hallucinations and in the elderly, are not usually based on previous psychiatric illness. The elderly can, of course, hallucinate as part of severe depression or a life-long schizophrenia, but the clinician should assume that there is an organic basis when an elderly individual begins to develop visual hallucinations for the first time. Representative cases that illustrate visual hallucinations due to ophthalmological, vascular, or degenerative processes are presented. Visual hallucinations can be linked to disorders in multiple parts of the nervous system. Even when related to medications, dementia may also be contributory, as is illustrated by the hallucinations seen in those with Parkinson’s disease. Treatment of visual hallucinations is treatment of the underlying cause although some newer drugs such as clozapine may also be helpful for selected patients.

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Psychosis and Other Psychiatric Manifestations of Levodopa Therapy

Cited by 165 publications

References 19 publications

Visual Hallucinations in PD and Lewy Body Dementias: Old and New Hypotheses

Visual Hallucinations in PD and Lewy Body Dementias: Old and New Hypotheses

Psychiatric Manifestations of Levodopa

Visual Hallucinations in the Elderly

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