Psychological Distress Across the Life Course and Cardiometabolic Risk

Winning, Ashley; Glymour, M. Maria; McCormick, Marie C.; Gilsanz, Paola; Kubzansky, Laura D.

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.021

Cited by 75 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Specifically, epidemiological studies indicate that adults exposed to ELS develop several risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic disease including elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP), BMI, waist circumference, and resting HR 11,13,14,42 . Moreover, ELS has a positive correlation with the clustering of metabolic risk biomarkers such as higher circulating levels of leptin and the acute phase proinflammatory mediator, C reactive protein (CRP), as well as elevations in plasma glucose and insulin 43–45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings from the Georgia Stress and Heart Study (GSH) including 213 African Americans and 181 European Americans, revealed that individuals exposed to multiple ELS factors display a greater increase in blood pressure (BP) levels compared to control individuals in a 23-year follow up period 12,13 . Furthermore, the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study including 6,714 members, revealed that metabolic risk was higher among people with psychological distress in childhood only and persist across the life course 14 More recent studies highlighted that when the environment is harsh and unpredictable, a fast life history strategy is adaptive. That is, in these environments, somatic efforts are unsuitable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A model of neglect during postnatal life heightens obesity-induced hypertension and is linked to a greater metabolic compromise in female mice

et al. 2018

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Exposure to Early Life Stress (ELS) is associated with behavioral-related alterations, increases in body mass index and higher systolic blood pressure in humans. Postnatal maternal separation and early weaning (MSEW) is a mouse model of neglect characterized by a long-term dysregulation of the neuroendocrine system. Objectives Given the contribution of adrenal-derived hormones to the development of obesity, we hypothesized that exposure to MSEW could contribute to worsen the cardiometabolic function in response to chronic high fat diet (HF) feeding by promoting adipose tissue expansion and insulin resistance. Subjects MSEW was performed in C57BL/6 mice from postnatal days 2–16 and weaned at postnatal day 17. Undisturbed litters weaned at postnatal day 21 served as the control (C) group. At the weaning day, mice were placed on a low fat diet (LF) or HF for 16 weeks. Results When fed a LF, male and female mice exposed to MSEW display similar body weight but increased fat mass compared to controls. However, when fed a HF, only female MSEW mice display increased body weight, fat mass and adipocyte hypertrophy compared with controls. Also, female MSEW mice display evidence of an early onset of cardiometabolic risk factors, including hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance and hypercholesterolemia. Yet, both male and female MSEW mice fed a HF show increased blood pressure compared with controls. Conclusions This study shows that MSEW promotes a sex-specific dysregulation of the adipose tissue expansion and glucose homeostasis that precedes the development of obesity-induced hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of neglect during postnatal life heightens obesity-induced hypertension and is linked to a greater metabolic compromise in female mice

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover, there may be periods during which exposure to adversity or psychological distress is highly toxic in relation to physical health, or periods during which damage incurred is more difficult to reverse. One recent study found that high levels of distress in childhood, even when distress was lower during adulthood, had substantial impact on cardiometabolic health in middle adulthood (Winning et al , 2015). Other research has similarly suggested that exposure to adversity during pregnancy and early childhood leads to damage relatively early on, and may be especially deleterious for long-term health (Ehlert, 2013).…”

Section: New Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic disease: improving causal inference to inform practice

et al. 2016

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been declared “a life sentence” based on evidence that the disorder leads to a host of physical health problems. Some of the strongest empirical research—in terms of methodology and findings—has shown that PTSD predicts higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases, specifically cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite mounting evidence, PTSD is not currently acknowledged as a risk factor by cardiovascular or endocrinological medicine. This view is unlikely to change absent compelling evidence that PTSD causally contributes to cardiometabolic disease. This review suggests that with developments in methods for epidemiologic research and the rapidly expanding knowledge of the behavioral and biological effects of PTSD the field is poised to provide more definitive answers to questions of causality. First, we discuss methods to improve causal inference using the observational data most often used in studies of PTSD and health, with particular reference to issues of temporality and confounding. Second, we consider recent work linking PTSD with specific behaviors and biological processes, and evaluate whether these may plausibly serve as mechanisms by which PTSD leads to cardiometabolic disease. Third, we evaluate how looking more comprehensively into the PTSD phenotype provides insight into whether specific aspects of PTSD phenomenology are particularly relevant to cardiometabolic disease. Finally, we discuss new areas of research that are feasible and could enhance understanding of the PTSD-cardiometabolic relation, such as testing whether treatment of PTSD can halt or even reverse the cardiometabolic risk factors causally related to CVD and T2D.

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“…It is well documented that childhood exposure to certain potentially stressful life events (SLEs) put them at a higher risk of distress (negative stress) which then may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes and poor quality of life [1, 2]. Children of all ages experience stressful life events, but the type and the way a child or youth express their persisting stress depend on their age, gender, level of development, and the individual’s threshold for responses to stressful stimuli [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HRQoL impact of stressful life events in children beginning primary school: results of a prospective study in Poland

Kaczmarek

Trambacz-Oleszak

2016

Qual Life Res

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PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between recent stressful life events (SLEs), stress-related symptoms (SRSs), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children beginning primary school.MethodsA community-based sample of 6- to 8-year-old children (176 boys and 175 girls at baseline) participated in a prospective longitudinal study with three waves of data collection and 1-year interval between subsequent surveys, conducted in the Wielkopolska Province, Poland. Main exposures included nine recent stressful life events and psychosomatic and behavioural symptoms related to stress (SRSs), both self-reported by children. The outcome was total HRQoL assessed by a Polish version of the PedsQL™ 4.0 (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) Generic Core Scales questionnaire, 5- to 7-year-old version. To evaluate the relationship between total HRQoL and predictor variables, a latent growth curve (LGC) model using multiple group design (boys and girls) with three waves and two time-varying covariates, the SLEs and SRSs, was applied.ResultsAn unconditional multi-group LGC model revealed that the total HRQoL changed over time in a linear trajectory. After incorporating to the model, two time-varying covariates, SLEs and SRSs, the first predictor for HRQoL was only significant at the last wave in girls and at two subsequent waves, except for baseline, in boys. The second predictor revealed significant negative impacts on HRQoL over the entire period of time in both boys and girls suggesting that the pathway underlying the association of SLEs with HRQoL may be mediated by SRSs. Mean values of HRQoL at each time points did not show gender differences.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study may help to develop and implement a health and safety protection training programmes addressed to parents, caregivers, and practitioners to make children’s lives easier.

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Psychological Distress Across the Life Course and Cardiometabolic Risk

Cited by 75 publications

References 27 publications

A model of neglect during postnatal life heightens obesity-induced hypertension and is linked to a greater metabolic compromise in female mice

A model of neglect during postnatal life heightens obesity-induced hypertension and is linked to a greater metabolic compromise in female mice

Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic disease: improving causal inference to inform practice

HRQoL impact of stressful life events in children beginning primary school: results of a prospective study in Poland

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