Proteomic analysis indicates that mitochondrial energy metabolism in skeletal muscle tissue is negatively correlated with feed efficiency in pigs

Abstract

Feed efficiency (FE) is a highly important economic trait in pig production. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of FE is essential for trait improvement. In this study, the skeletal muscle proteome of high-FE and low-FE pigs were investigated by the iTRAQ approach. A total of 1780 proteins were identified, among which 124 proteins were differentially expressed between the high- and low-FE pigs, with 74 up-regulated and 50 down-regulated in the high-FE pigs. Ten randomly selected differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were validated by Western blotting and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that all the 25 DEPs located in mitochondria were down-regulated in the high-FE pigs. Furthermore, the glucose-pyruvate-tricarboxylic acid (TCA)-oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism signaling pathway was found to differ between high- and low-FE pigs. The key enzymes involved in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate were up-regulated in the high-FE pigs. Thus, our results suggested mitochondrial energy metabolism in the skeletal muscle tissue was negatively correlated with FE in pigs, and glucose utilization to generate ATP was more efficient in the skeletal muscle tissue of high-FE pigs. This study offered new targets and pathways for improvement of FE in pigs.

Feed efficiency and the liver proteome of fattening lambs are modified by feed restriction during the suckling period

“…However, RES lambs showed more accumulation of fat in several depots including the liver (Table 2) and intramuscular fat (Santos et al, 2018), which might be related to inhibition of β-oxidation (e.g., down accumulation of enoyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial isoform X2, in RES lambs), accumulation of upstream metabolites, and hence impaired fatty acid catabolism for energy production (Alexandre et al, 2015;Fu et al, 2017;Santos et al, 2017). In agreement with this hypothesis, liver fat accretion (as occurred in the RES lambs) has also been related to severe impairment of mitochondrial lipid metabolism mainly promoted by a deficiency in adenosine kinase (Boison et al, 2002), an enzyme which was also reduced in the liver of the RES lambs in this study.…”

Genome-Wide Epistatic Interaction Networks Affecting Feed Efficiency in Duroc and Landrace Pigs

“…Thiamin supplementation in dairy cattle has been reported to increase rumen pH and balance the population of lactic acidproducing and -consuming bacteria (Wang et al, 2015). Thiamine is critical for cellular function, as its phosphorylated and active form, thiamine diphosphate (TDP), acts as a coenzyme for three key enzymes in glucose metabolism (Liu et al, 2017) which differs to a great extent in high and low feed efficient groups (Fu et al, 2017). From DHFE, the genes CRB1 (chr 10), DLG2 (chr 9), PARD6G (chr 6), and PPP1CB (chr 3) pointed towards the hippo signaling pathway.…”

Identification of key genes and pathways associated with feed efficiency of native chickens based on transcriptome data via bioinformatics analysis

“…An earlier duodenal transcriptomic analysis in chickens showed that the difference in RFI may be related to digestibility, metabolism and biosynthesis processes as well as energy homeostasis [8]. Moreover, A previous high throughput sequencing analysis indicates that mitochondrial energy metabolism in skeletal muscle plays a key role in the regulation of feed efficiency [9,10]. Skeletal muscle plays a particularly important role in the utilization and storage of carbohydrates and lipids from feed [11].…”