Protein profiles of hatchery egg shell membrane

Abstract

BackgroundEggshells which consist largely of calcareous outer shell and shell membranes, constitute a significant part of poultry hatchery waste. The shell membranes (ESM) not only contain proteins that originate from egg whites but also from the developing embryos and different contaminants of microbial and environmental origins. As feed supplements, during post hatch growth, the hatchery egg shell membranes (HESM) have shown potential for imparting resistance of chickens to endotoxin stress and exert positive health effects. Considering that these effects are mediated by the bioactive proteins and peptides present in the membrane, the objective of the study was to identify the protein profiles of hatchery eggshell membranes (HESM).MethodsHatchery egg shell membranes were extracted with acidified methanol and a guanidine hydrochloride buffer then subjected to reduction/alkylation, and trypsin digestion. The methanol extract was additionally analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The tryptic digests were analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) to identify the proteins.ResultsOur results showed the presence of several proteins that are inherent and abundant in egg white such as, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovocleidin-116, and lysozyme, and several proteins associated with cytoskeletal, cell signaling, antimicrobial, and catalytic functions involving carbohydrate, nucleic acid, and protein metabolisms. There were some blood derived proteins most likely originating from the embryos and several other proteins identified with different aerobic, anaerobic, gram positive, gram negative, soil, and marine bacterial species some commensals and others zoonotic.ConclusionThe variety of bioactive proteins, particularly the cell signaling and enzymatic proteins along with the diverse microbial proteins, make the HESM suitable for nutritional and biological application to improve post hatch immunity of poultry.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12953-017-0112-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Polymorphism analysis and expression profile of the estrogen receptor 2 gene in Leizhou black duck

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An Extensive Description of the Peptidomic Repertoire of the Hen Egg Yolk Plasma

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Recent Advances in Applications of Bioactive Egg Compounds in Nonfood Sectors

“…ESM has emerged as an efficient feed supplement to post-hatchery chicks to improve immunity and egg-laying performance ( Makkar et al, 2015 ). The protection of embryos upon treatment with ESM is attributed to the antimicrobial nature of lysozyme, keratin peptides, ovocalyxin, ovotransferrin, ovalbumin Y, ovostatin, ovomucoid, and ovoglycan, since a bacterial LPS-induced inflammatory response and a reduced level of stress markers such as plasma corticosterone levels were transferred to feed chicks ( Rath et al, 2016 ). ES powder, a rich source of calcium, can improve the laying performance of birds ( Cordeiro and Hincke, 2011 ).…”