Protein Intake and Kidney Function in Humans: Its Effect on 'Normal Aging'

Blum, Miriam; Averbuch, Mordechai; Wolman, Yoram; Aviram, A

doi:10.1001/archinte.1989.00390010173026

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…While protein restriction may slow the progression of pre-existing kidney disease (11) (this is still a matter of debate, see (1,23)), this may not be the case for healthy, aging kidneys. In fact, some studies showed no measurable benefit to restricting protein intake in healthy subjects without kidney disease (2). While in our experiments WT aging mice on LP diet did not develop kidney disease per se, they did show some degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and, importantly, tubular damage by the time they reached old age, when compared to those on NP diet.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Much of the literature on dietary protein intake and kidney function is largely focused on high dietary protein levels and kidney function/filtration (7,12,21,45). It appears however, that protein restriction does not prevent the decline of kidney function during healthy aging (2), and in fact may even increase the overall mortality and cancer-related mortality in adults 66 years and older (29). Interestingly, rodent models and human data show some discrepancies regarding renal disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FGF21 prevents low-protein diet-induced renal inflammation in aged mice

Han

Ghosh

Sims

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Low protein diets extend lifespan through a comprehensive improvement in metabolic health across multiple tissues and organs. Many of these metabolic responses to protein restriction are secondary to transcriptional activation and release of FGF21 from the liver. However, the effects of a low protein (LP) diet on the kidney in the context of aging has not been examined. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to investigate the impact of chronic consumption of a LP diet on the kidney in aging mice lacking FGF21. Wild type (WT, C57BL/6J) and FGF21 KO mice were fed a normal protein (NP, 20% casein) or a LP (5% casein) diet ad libitum from 3 to19 months of age. The LP diet led to a decrease in kidney weight and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in both WT and FGF21 KO mice. Although the LP diet produced only mild fibrosis and infiltration of leukocytes in WT kidneys, the effects were significantly exacerbated by the absence of FGF21. Accordingly, transcriptomic analysis showed that inflammation-related pathways were significantly enriched and upregulated in response to LP diet in FGF21 KO but not WT mice. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the LP diet negatively affected the kidney during aging, but in the absence of FGF21, the LP diet-induced renal damage and inflammation were significantly worse, indicating a protective role of FGF21 in the kidney.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FGF21 prevents low-protein diet-induced renal inflammation in aged mice

Han

Ghosh

Sims

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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“…Indeed, the consumption of modest amounts (~20g) of high quality protein throughout or immediately after strength training enhances the acute protein synthetic response to the training stimulus (Hawley et al, 2011;Phillips & Van Loon, 2011). Consumption of protein beyond requirements will result in elevated levels of amino acid oxidation (Kurpad & Thomas, 2011) but does not appear to cause deleterious effects for otherwise healthy active adults (Bedford & Barr, 2005;Blum et al, 1989;Knight et al, 2003).…”

Section: Protein Recommendations For Adolescent Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports Dietitians Australia Position Statement: Sports Nutrition for the Adolescent Athlete

Desbrow

McCormack

Burke³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

141

183

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It is the position of Sports Dietitians Australia (SDA) that adolescent athletes have unique nutritional requirements as a consequence of undertaking daily training and competition in addition to the demands of growth and development. As such, SDA established an expert multidisciplinary panel to undertake an independent review of the relevant scientific evidence and consulted with its professional members to develop sports nutrition recommendations for active and competitive adolescent athletes. The position of SDA is that dietary education and recommendations for these adolescent athletes should reinforce eating for long term health. More specifically, the adolescent athlete should be encouraged to moderate eating patterns to reflect daily exercise demands and provide a regular spread of high quality carbohydrate and protein sources over the day, especially in the period immediately after training. SDA recommends that consideration also be given to the dietary calcium, Vitamin D and iron intake of adolescent athletes due to the elevated risk of deficiency of these nutrients. To maintain optimal hydration, adolescent athletes should have access to fluids that are clean, cool and supplied in sufficient quantities before, during and after participation in sport. Finally, it is the position of SDA that nutrient needs should be met by core foods rather than supplements, as the recommendation of dietary supplements to developing athletes over-emphasizes their ability to manipulate performance in comparison with other training and dietary strategies.

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“…In a well designed prospective cohort study, it was surmised that high protein intake was not associated with renal functional decline in women with normally operating kidneys [ 22 ]. Also, it has been reported that there are no statistically significant differences in age, sex, weight, and kidney function between non-vegetarians and vegetarians (a group demonstrated to have lower dietary protein intakes) [ 23 , 24 ]. Both the non-vegetarian and vegetarian groups possessed similar kidney function, and displayed the same rate of progressive deterioration in renal physiology with age [ 24 ].…”

Section: Safety Of Protein Intakes Higher Than Rdamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, it has been reported that there are no statistically significant differences in age, sex, weight, and kidney function between non-vegetarians and vegetarians (a group demonstrated to have lower dietary protein intakes) [ 23 , 24 ]. Both the non-vegetarian and vegetarian groups possessed similar kidney function, and displayed the same rate of progressive deterioration in renal physiology with age [ 24 ]. Preliminary clinical and epidemiological studies have suggested a benefit of relatively high protein diets on major risk factors for chronic kidney disease, such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Safety Of Protein Intakes Higher Than Rdamentioning

confidence: 99%

International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: protein and exercise

Jäger

Kerksick

Campbell

et al. 2007

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

361

173

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Position Statement: The following seven points related to the intake of protein for healthy, exercising individuals constitute the position stand of the Society. They have been approved by the Research Committee of the Society. 1) Vast research supports the contention that individuals engaged in regular exercise training require more dietary protein than sedentary individuals. 2) Protein intakes of 1.4 -2.0 g/kg/day for physically active individuals is not only safe, but may improve the training adaptations to exercise training. 3) When part of a balanced, nutrient-dense diet, protein intakes at this level are not detrimental to kidney function or bone metabolism in healthy, active persons. 4) While it is possible for physically active individuals to obtain their daily protein requirements through a varied, regular diet, supplemental protein in various forms are a practical way of ensuring adequate and quality protein intake for athletes. 5) Different types and quality of protein can affect amino acid bioavailability following protein supplementation. The superiority of one protein type over another in terms of optimizing recovery and/or training adaptations remains to be convincingly demonstrated. 6) Appropriately timed protein intake is an important component of an overall exercise training program, essential for proper recovery, immune function, and the growth and maintenance of lean body mass. 7) Under certain circumstances, specific amino acid supplements, such as branched-chain amino acids (BCAA's), may improve exercise performance and recovery from exercise.

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Protein Intake and Kidney Function in Humans: Its Effect on 'Normal Aging'

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

FGF21 prevents low-protein diet-induced renal inflammation in aged mice

FGF21 prevents low-protein diet-induced renal inflammation in aged mice

Sports Dietitians Australia Position Statement: Sports Nutrition for the Adolescent Athlete

International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: protein and exercise

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