The first step in the degradation of dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p-dioxin by Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1 is carried out by dioxin dioxygenase (DxnA1A2), a ring-dihydroxylating enzyme. An open reading frame (fdx3) that could potentially specify a new ferredoxin has been identified downstream of dxnA1A2, a two-cistron gene (J. Armengaud, B. Happe, and K. N. Timmis, J. Bacteriol. 180:3954-3966, 1998). In the present study, we report a biochemical analysis of Fdx3 produced in Escherichia coli. This third ferredoxin thus far identified in Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1 contained a putidaredoxin-type [2Fe-2S] cluster which was characterized by UV-visible absorption spectrophotometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The midpoint redox potential of this ferredoxin (E 0 ؍ ؊247 ؎ 10 mV versus normal hydrogen electrode at pH 8.0) is similar to that exhibited by Fdx1 (؊245 mV), a homologous ferredoxin previously characterized in Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1. In in vitro assays, Fdx3 can be reduced by RedA2 (a reductase similar to class I cytochrome P-450 reductases), previously isolated from Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1. RedA2 exhibits a K m value of 3.2 ؎ 0.3 M for Fdx3. In vivo coexpression of fdx3 and redA2 with dxnA1A2 confirmed that Fdx3 can serve as an electron donor for the dioxin dioxygenase.Sphingomonas sp. strain RW1 was isolated from the River Elbe in Germany on the basis of its ability to grow aerobically on dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p-dioxin as the sole sources of carbon and energy (35). The degradative pathways of these two compounds in RW1 have been extensively studied, resulting in the biochemical and genetic characterization of the key enzymes. The initial reaction is an oxygenolytic attack on the carbon atoms adjacent to the ether bridge, and it is carried out by a three-component dioxin dioxygenase system. Unlike the well-known class IIB and class III dioxygenases, which involve electrons provided by a Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin, the dioxin dioxygenase has been shown to be associated with a putidaredoxin-type [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin (8). The gene of this ferredoxin, designated fdx1, has been cloned and characterized (4), as has the gene of its cognate reductase (5). In this type of ferredoxin, the prosthetic group is coordinated with the polypeptide by four cysteine residues arranged in the pattern Cys-X 5 -Cys-X 2 -Cys-X n -Cys and thus differs significantly from the Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster bound to the polypeptide by two cysteine and two histidine residues. The nature and the position of the ligands influence the properties of the Fe-S cluster. The ferredoxins containing a Rieske-type cluster exhibit a high redox potential (Ϫ150 mV for ferredoxins associated with class IIB dioxygenases [19]), whereas putidaredoxin-type [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins exhibit lower redox potentials (4, 12, 13), and ferredoxins containing a plant-type [2Fe-2S] cluster, also bound to the polypeptide by four cysteines, have even lower potential (9,14,33).In a recent report (2), we desc...