Protein binding studies with human serum albumin, molecular docking andin vitrocytotoxicity studies using HeLa cervical carcinoma cells of Cu(ii)/Zn(ii) complexes containing a carbohydrazone ligand

Abstract

Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) complexes show very strong binding with human serum albumin and display remarkable cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell line.

Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, DNA and human serum albumin interactions, as well as antiproliferative activity of a Cu(II) complex containing a Schiff base ligand formed in situ from the Cu(II)‐induced cyclization of 1,5‐bis(salicylidene)thiocarbohydrazide

“…The IR spectrum of the compound did not show any acetate band (Figure S1), and the ν(CN) of the coordinated Schiff base ligand appeared as a strong band around 1,600 cm −1 . [ 59,60,66 ] The electronic spectrum of the compound in DMSO (Figure S2A) clearly showed weak and broad d‐d transition around 600 nm followed by strong charge transfer bands in the 400–250 nm region. The overall electronic spectrum of 1 in 10‐mM Tris‐HCl buffer (pH 7.45) was found to be very similar (Figure S2B) to that observed in DMSO and does not change with time on standing at RT showing its stability in solution.…”

“…The efficiency of energy transfer ( E ) is a function of r , which is the distance between the donor and acceptor and was calculated using Equation [ 78,83,84 ] : R 0 is the critical distance at which the efficiency of energy transfer is 50%, and it is a function of spatial orientation factor ( K 2 ), medium refractive index ( n ), fluorescence quantum yield of the donor ( ϕ D ), and degree of overlap ( J ) in the emission spectrum of donor and absorption spectrum of acceptor as seen from Equation [ 83 ] : For the experimental conditions used, the values of K 2 , ϕ D , and n were taken as 2/3, 0.118, and 1.33, respectively. [ 59,78 ] The parameters J , R 0 , E , and r calculated for the complex 1 using Equations – were found to be 3.51 × 10 14 nm 4 M −1 cm −1 , 3.03 nm, 0.41, and 3.22 nm, respectively . The deduced value of r satisfies both the conditions of 2 < r < 8 nm and 0.5 R 0 < r < 1.5 R 0 of efficient energy transfer process, suggesting the occurrence of static quenching process on binding.…”

“…Lu et al [ 58 ] have synthesized two water‐soluble Cu(II) complexes that have significant DNA/protein binding ability, found to cleave DNA effectively, and have exhibited cytotoxicity against MCF7, HeLa, and A549 cell lines. Recently, we have reported [ 59,60 ] two Cu(II) complexes containing carbohydrazone ligand having strong DNA and protein binding ability. These complexes have proven to be effective nucleases through both hydrolytic and oxidative pathway and exhibited very high cytotoxicity against MCF7, A549, and HeLa cell lines.…”

Fluorescent Phthalocyanine-Encapsulated Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Their Deployment as Therapeutic Agents in the NIR Region

“…Aromatic amines of phthaloNH 2 are predicted to interact with Trp214, Lys444, and Lys436. Of these amino acids, Arg218, Lys436, and Lys195 are reported in the literature to be important for the interaction of albumin with ligands [ 34 , 35 ]. As phthaloNH 2 is voluminous, it does not actually enter site I but is located in its vicinity, in the cleft found between subdomains IA and IIIA, as reported in the literature for the case of ligands with high molecular volume.…”

Discovery of thirteen cobalt(ii) and copper(ii) salicylaldehyde Schiff base complexes that induce apoptosis and autophagy in human lung adenocarcinoma A549/DDP cells and that can overcome cisplatin resistance in vitro and in vivo

“…1–8 As such, they are considered valuable alternatives to Pt-based drugs. 1–8 To date, several Co- and Cu-based complexes including 4′- p -tolyl-(2,2′:6′,2′′- terpyridyl)triphenyl phosphonium bromide Cu( ii ), 1 morpholine-(iso)thiosemicarbazone Cu( ii ), 9 Cu II (thiosemi-carbazonato)Cl, 10 2-pyridylketonethiosemicarbazone Cu( ii ), 11 piperidylthiosemicarbazone Cu( ii ), 12 dasatinib Cu( ii ), 13 pyrrolizine Cu( ii ), 14 S-substituted dithiocarbazate Schiff-base Cu( ii ), 15 GSH-depleted bimetallic Cu( ii ), 16 thiosemicarbazone Cu( ii ), 17,18 carbohydrazone Cu( ii ), 19 Cu( ii ), and Co( ii ) phenanthroline, 20–25 oxygen-donor-rich-ligand Co( ii ) and Cu( ii ), 26,27 8-hydroxy-quinoline Co( iii ) and Cu( ii ), 28,29 oxoisoaporphine Co( ii ), 30 2,2′-bipyridine derivative Co( ii ) and Cu( ii ), 31–37 and tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine-activated Co( ii ) and Cu( ii ) complexes, 38–42 among others, 43–46 have been proposed as antitumor agents that are as effective as cisplatin and its analogs. 1–8 However, none of these proposed drugs has been approved for clinical use.…”