Protein, albumin and cystatin concentrations in saliva of healthy subjects and of patients with gingivitis periodonitis

Abstract

Salivary protein, albumin and cystatin concentrations were investigated in subjects with a healthy periodontium and in patients with gingivitis or periodontitis. Protein and albumin concentrations in saliva of individuals with gingivitis or periodontitis were significantly increased compared with healthy subjects. Salivary protein and albumin appeared to be positively correlated in all the groups, which suggests that the increase in salivary protein concentration in subjects with gingivitis or periodontitis is caused by leakage of plasma proteins. Cystatin concentrations in saliva of subjects with periodontitis were significantly increased when compared with the healthy group and the gingivitis group (p < 0.01). In the gingivitis and periodontitis group, salivary cystatin was only weakly correlated with albumin concentrations, which suggests that the increased salivary cystatin activity found in subjects with gingivitis and periodontitis is derived from sources other than plasma.

Elevated salivary protein in Parkinson's disease and salivary DJ-1 as a potential marker of disease severity

“…Increases in salivary albumin have also been shown in patients with a variety of medical conditions and with advancing age [10]. Several studies have shown patients with PD to have worse oral health compared with controls [11] and therefore the increases in salivary protein and DJ--1 concentration among patients with PD reported here may be due to worse oral health, reduced mucosal integrity and an increased leakage of serum proteins into the saliva, rather than as a direct result of the Parkinson's disease process itself.…”

“…Ultrafiltration of serum is believed to be the main mechanism through which albumin enters the oral cavity and its salivary concentration has therefore been proposed to reflect compromised mucosal integrity and periodontal disease [10]. Increases in salivary albumin have also been shown in patients with a variety of medical conditions and with advancing age [10].…”

Pathogenesis of cancrum oris (noma): confounding interactions of malnutrition with infection.

“…The values were expected to be significantly much lower in periodontally healthy individuals than in those with gingival inflammation and/or periodontitis. 49 Parasitemia was estimated from thin films of venous blood following staining with Giemsa and reticulocyte counts made from stained blood smears (0.3% [v/v] brilliant cresyl blue in methanol).…”

Salivary Acute Phase Proteins as Biomarker in Oral and Systemic Disease

“…There was not any difference in the concentration of salivary albumin depending on pregnancy, as the same levels were measured in pregnant and non-pregnant women (Selby, 1988). Salivary albumin concentration in subjects with gingivitis or perodontitis is caused by leakage of plasma proteins (Henskens, 1993). The increase in the concentration of albumin in whole saliva was always detected prior to the clinical appearance of stomatitis, suggesting that albumin in whole saliva may be a marker and predictor of this complication.…”