Protein Adsorption and Coordination-Based End-Tethering of Functional Polymers on Metal–Phenolic Network Films

Abstract

Metal-phenolic network (MPN) coatings have generated increasing interest owing to their biologically inspired nature, facile fabrication, and near-universal adherence, especially for biomedical applications. However, a key issue in biomedicine is protein fouling, and the adsorption of proteins on tannic acid-based MPNs remains to be comprehensively studied. Herein, we investigate the interaction of specific biomedically relevant proteins in solution (bovine serum albumin (BSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), fibrinogen) and complex biological media (serum) using layer-by-layer-assembled tannic acid/Fe III MPN films. When Fe III was the outermost layer, galloyl-modified poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (P(EtOx)-Gal) could be grafted to the films through coordination bonds. Protein fouling and bacterial adhesion were greatly suppressed after functionalization with P(EtOx)-Gal and the mass of adsorbed protein was reduced by 44-92%. Interestingly, larger proteins adsorbed more on both the MPNs and P(EtOx)-functionalized MPNs. This study provides fundamental information on the interactions of MPNs with single proteins, mixtures of proteins as encountered in serum, and the noncovalent, coordination-based, functionalization of MPN films.

Polyphenol‐Containing Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties, and Therapeutic Delivery

“…Polyphenols and MPNs were first used as universal coating materials benefiting for the versatile adhesive property of polyphenols to almost all kinds of surfaces, regardless of the surface chemistries. [260][261][262][263][264][265][266] As a result, polyphenols have been used as coating materials to functionalize a host of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. [267][268][269][270] The polyphenols coated on the surfaces of various nanomaterials can easily interact with the amine and thiol groups via Michael-type addition or Schiff base reaction, self-polymerize in alkaline media, and chelate with metal ions, endowing the resulting nanomaterials with desired structures, properties, and functions.…”

One-step synthesis of nitrogen-grafted copper-gallic acid for enhanced methylene blue removal

“…Due to this advantage, various N g methods have been extensively developed via plasma, pyrolysis, radiation, hydrothermal, or basic hydrolysis reaction 27 – 31 . This study utilizes the possible binding interaction of copper (Cu 2+ ), GA, and amino acids through the metal–ligand complexation principle as the foundation for the N g -CuGA synthesis 32 – 34 . To the best of our knowledge, there is no N g -MPNs have been synthesized in similar methods nor applied for a similar purpose.…”

VTE risk assessment in pregnancy

“…In a systematic review of RCTs in pregnant women evaluating the effect of LMWH, 16 studies met eligibility criteria, which included 2690 women. Critically, bleeding events were prospectively recorded using a standardized definition in only one‐third (912 women) . The risk of major bleeding with LMWH appears low in both the heparin and no‐heparin arms of RCTs .…”

“…Moreover, while minor bleeding is common in women in the heparin and no-heparin arms of RCTs comparing standard care or placebo to LMWH, it remains uncertain whether the risk is significantly higher with LMWH. Indeed, highly variable rates of minor bleeding have been reported in the heparin and no-heparin arms of RCTs 44. Arising from this unmet clinical need, a new classification of anticoagulant-related bleeding has recently been proposed by the ISTH Scientific and Standardization Subcommittee on Control of Anticoagulation 44.…”

“…Indeed, highly variable rates of minor bleeding have been reported in the heparin and no-heparin arms of RCTs 44. Arising from this unmet clinical need, a new classification of anticoagulant-related bleeding has recently been proposed by the ISTH Scientific and Standardization Subcommittee on Control of Anticoagulation 44.…”