Protective Effects of Sodium Selenite against Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Broiler Spleen

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of sodium selenite on aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in spleen of broilers. Two hundred one-day-old male broilers, divided into five groups, were fed with basal diet (control group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 (AFB1 group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.2 mg/kg Se (+Se group I), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.4 mg/kg Se (+Se group II) and 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.6 mg/kg Se (+Se group III), respectively. According to biochemical assays, AFB1 significantly decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase, total superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase and the level of glutathione hormone, while it increased the level of malondialdehyde. Moreover, AFB1 increased the percentage of apoptosis cells by flow cytometry and the occurrence of apoptotic cells by TUNEL assay. Simultaneous supplementation with sodium selenite restored these parameters to be close to those in control group. In conclusion, sodium selenite exhibited protective effects on AFB1-induced splenic toxicity in broilers by inhibiting oxidative stress and excessive apoptosis.

Vitamin E (α tocopherol) attenuates toxicity and oxidative stress induced by aflatoxin in rats

“…Similar results were also reported in previous studies. 8,[36][37][38] GSH and GST are effective in providing protection from the harmful effects on the tissues of AFB 1 . 39 GST catalyzes the conjugation of AFB 1 -8, 9-epoxide with GSH to form AFB 1 -epoxide-GSH conjugate, thereby decreasing the intracellular GSH content.…”

Aflatoxicosis: Lessons from Toxicity and Responses to Aflatoxin B1 in Poultry

“…This likely results from increased apoptosis of splenocytes, thymocytes and bursal B-cells as seen in young chickens during aflatoxicosis [139,149,156,169,170]. In the chicken, both CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes in the spleen, thymus, peripheral blood, and even the ileum can be affected by AFB1 exposure [149,150,156,168,171,172].…”

“…In the chicken, both CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes in the spleen, thymus, peripheral blood, and even the ileum can be affected by AFB1 exposure [149,150,156,168,171,172]. Oxidative stress and DNA damage from AFB1 are likely responsible for initiating apoptotic processes in lymphocytes [169,170]. Together these losses reduce the adaptive immune potential of poultry fed AFB1.…”

“…Some additives, such as selenium supplementation, attempt to boost detoxification, metabolic, or immune functions to counteract the effects of AFB1 [139,149,150,168,170,171,183,251]. However, most additives have been investigated for their potential to reduce AFB1 uptake by the intestine [21].…”

Dietary low or excess levels of lipids reduced growth performance, and impaired immune function and structure of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under the infection of Aeromonas hydrophila

“…In addition, fish immunity has been correlated with the normal structure of immune organs, which relates to cellular integrity [86]. Wang et al [87] reported that oxidative damage could injure the integrity of splenic lymphocytes in broilers. Thus, we next investigated the effect of lipids on cellular structural integrity in the head kidney and spleen of young grass carp.…”