Protective Effect of Recombinant Proteins of Cronobacter Sakazakii During Pregnancy on the Offspring

Song, Jia-Rong; Fu, Yanwen; Li, Ping; Du, Ting; Du, Xinjun; Wang, Shuo

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00015

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The immunogenic OMPs of Salmonella enterica have been reported, and OmpA and OmpX are known to be protective antigens ( 25 – 27 ). Although we selected OmpA and OmpX due to their immunodominance, the rapid but short-lived antibody responses induced by these antigens were unexpected and have not been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Kim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Fowl typhoid is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (SG), and live attenuated, rough vaccine strains have been used. Both humoral and cellular immune responses are involved in protection, but the humoral responses to different forms of SG antigens are unclear. In this study, we compared humoral responses to a killed oil-emulsion (OE) smooth vaccine (SG002) and its rough mutant vaccine (SR2-N6) strains using proteomics techniques. We identified two immunogenic outer membrane proteins (OmpA and OmpX), and the selected linear epitopes were successfully applied in peptide-ELISA. Our peptide-and total OMP-ELISAs were used to compare the temporal humoral responses to various SG antigens: OE SG002 and SR2-N6; live, killed [PBS-suspension (PS) and OE)] and mixed (live and PS) formulations of another rough vaccine strain (SG 9R); and orally challenge with a field strain. Serum antibodies to the linear epitopes of OmpA and OmpX lasted only for the first 2 weeks, but serum antibodies against OMPs increased over time. The rough strain (SR2-N6) and mixed SG 9R induced higher serum antibody titers than the smooth strain (SG002) and single SG 9R (OE, live and PS SG 9R), respectively. Infection with the field strain delayed the serum antibody response by ∼2 weeks. Mucosal immunity was not induced by any formulation, except for infection with the field strain after SG 9R vaccination. Thus, our results may be useful to understand humoral immunity against various SG antigens and to improve vaccine programs and serological diagnosis in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Kim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…E. coli BL21 (DE3) containing recombinant pET-26b- grol was used to express recombinant GroEL (rGroEL), followed by the purification of rGroEL as described previously [ 28 ]. IIF was used to determine the adhesion of GroEL to HCT-8 cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Molecular Chaperone GroEL as a Potential Virulence Factor in Cronobacter sakazakii

Zhu,

Fan,

Wang

et al. 2023

Foods

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The molecular chaperone GroEL of C. sakazakii, a highly conserved protein encoded by the gene grol, has the basic function of responding to heat shock, thus enhancing the bacterium’s adaptation to dry and high-temperature environments, which poses a threat to food safety and human health. Our previous study demonstrated that GroEL was found in the bacterial membrane fraction and caused a strong immune response in C. sakazakii. In this study, we tried to elucidate the subcellular location and virulent effects of GroEL. In live C. sakazakii cells, GroEL existed in both the soluble and insoluble fractions. To study the secretory mechanism of GroEL protein, a non-reduced Western immunoblot was used to analyze the form of the protein, and the result showed that the exported GroEL protein was mainly in monomeric form. The exported GroEL could also be located on bacterial surface. To further research the virulent effect of C. sakazakii GroEL, an indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the adhesion of recombinant GroEL protein to HCT-8 cells. The results indicated that the recombinant GroEL protein could adhere to HCT-8 cells in a short period of time. The recombinant GroEL protein could activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to release more pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8), downregulating the expression of tight-junction proteins (claudin-1, occluding, ZO-1 and ZO-2), which collectively resulted in dose-dependent virulent effects on host cells. Inhibition of the grol gene expression resulted in a significant decrease in bacterial adhesion to and invasion of HCT-8 cells. Moreover, the deficient GroEL also caused slow growth, decreased biofilm formation, defective motility and abnormal filamentation of the bacteria. In brief, C. sakazakii GroEL was an important virulence factor. This protein was not only crucial for the physiological activity of C. sakazakii but could also be secreted to enhance the bacterium’s adhesion and invasion capabilities.

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EnvZ/OmpR Controls Protein Expression and Modifications in Cronobacter sakazakii for Virulence and Environmental Resilience

Ji,

Shi,

Wang

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Cronobacter sakazakii is a notorious foodborne opportunistic pathogen, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as premature infants, and poses significant public health challenges. This study aimed to elucidate the role of the envZ/ompR genes in environmental tolerance, pathogenicity, and protein regulation of C. sakazakii. An envZ/ompR knockout mutant was constructed and assessed for its impact on bacterial growth, virulence, environmental tolerance, and protein regulation. Results demonstrate that deletion of envZ/ompR genes leads to reduced growth rate and attenuated virulence in animal models. Additionally, the knockout strain exhibited compromised environmental tolerance, particularly in desiccation and oxidative stress conditions, along with impaired adhesion and invasion abilities in epithelial cells. Proteomic analysis revealed significant alterations in protein expression and phosphorylation patterns, highlighting potential compensatory mechanisms triggered by gene deletion. Furthermore, investigation into protein deamidation and glucose metabolism uncovered a link between envZ/ompR deletion and energy metabolism dysregulation. Interestingly, the downregulation of MalK and GrxC proteins was identified as contributing factors to altered desiccation tolerance and disrupted redox homeostasis, respectively, providing mechanistic insights into the phenotypic changes observed. Overall, this study enhances understanding of the multifaceted roles of envZ/ompR in C. sakazakii physiology and pathogenesis, shedding light on potential targets for therapeutic intervention and food safety strategies.

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Protective Effect of Recombinant Proteins of Cronobacter Sakazakii During Pregnancy on the Offspring

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Different Forms of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovar Gallinarum

Characterization of Molecular Chaperone GroEL as a Potential Virulence Factor in Cronobacter sakazakii

EnvZ/OmpR Controls Protein Expression and Modifications in Cronobacter sakazakii for Virulence and Environmental Resilience

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