Protect global values of the Southern Ocean ecosystem

Brooks, Cassandra M.; Ainley, David G.; Jacquet, Jennifer; Chown, Steven L.; Pertierra, Luis R.; Francis, Elizabeth; Rogers, Alex D.; Chavez-Molina, Vasco; Teh, Louise; Sumaila, U. Rashid

doi:10.1126/science.add9480

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We do not rule this out but note that elevated phytoplankton biomass also coincides with elevated abundance of heterotrophic prey, including copepods and microzooplankton (Loeb et al 2009; Garzio and Steinberg 2013; Gleiber 2014). Unraveling the drivers of highly variable krill recruitment should inform regional krill fishery management (Meyer et al 2020), which currently is insufficient to permit expansion or to protect dependent predators (Brooks et al 2022; Watters and Hinke 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters

Conroy,

Steinberg,

Nardelli

et al. 2024

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is often considered an herbivore but is notable for its trophic flexibility, which includes feeding on protistan and metazoan zooplankton. Characterizing krill trophic position (TP) is important for understanding carbon and energy flow from phytoplankton to vertebrate predators and to the deep ocean, especially as plankton composition is sensitive to changing climate. We used repeated field sampling and experiments to study feeding by juvenile krill during three austral summers in waters near Palmer Station, Antarctica. Our approach was to combine seasonal carbon budgets, gut fluorescence measurements, imaging flow cytometry, and compound‐specific isotope analysis of amino acids. Field measurements coupled to experimentally derived grazing functional response curves suggest that phytoplankton grazing alone was insufficient to support the growth and basal metabolism of juvenile krill. Phytoplankton consumption by juvenile krill was limited due to inefficient feeding on nanoplankton (2–20 μm), which constituted the majority of autotrophic prey. Mean krill TP and the metazoan dietary fraction increased in years with higher mesozooplankton biomass, which was not coupled to phytoplankton biomass. Comparing TP estimates using δ15N of different amino acids indicated a substantial and consistent food‐web contribution from heterotrophic protists. Phytoplankton, metazoans, and heterotrophic protists all were important contributors to a diverse krill diet that changed substantially among years. Juvenile krill fed mostly on heterotrophic prey during summer near Palmer Station, and this food web complexity should be considered more broadly throughout the changing Southern Ocean.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters

Conroy,

Steinberg,

Nardelli

et al. 2024

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Antarctic toothfish has been consistently managed by the CCAMLR as a key component in the food web dynamics of the Antarctic ecosystem [ 5 , 22 ]; however, issues including the population status, the effect of environmental change on its complex life cycle, and ecosystem impacts of the fisheries are still to be well understood [ 71 ]. Moreover, climate change projections suggest that warming will negatively affect toothfish and other benthopelagic dwelling species [ 72 ]; however, the effects of climate change on TOA are still unclear as while some studies suggest this species will respond negatively to warming due to its physiology, others suggest it may be able to adapt considering its capacity to inhabit different habitats [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophodynamics of the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the Antarctic Peninsula: Ontogenetic changes in diet composition and prey fatty acid profiles

Pérez-Pezoa,

Cárdenas,

González-Aravena

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) is the largest notothenioid species in the Southern Ocean, playing a keystone role in the trophic web as a food source for marine mammals and a top predator in deep-sea ecosystems. Most ecological knowledge on this species relies on samples from areas where direct fishing is allowed, whereas in areas closed to fishing, such as the Antarctic Peninsula (AP), there are still key ecological gaps to ensure effective conservation, especially regarding our understanding of its trophic relationships within the ecosystem. Here, we present the first comprehensive study of the feeding behavior of Antarctic toothfish caught in the northern tip of the AP, during two consecutive fishing seasons (2019/20 and 2020/21). Stomach content was analyzed according to size-classes, sex and season. Macroscopic morphological analysis was used to identify prey, whereas DNA analysis was used in highly digested prey items. Fatty acid analysis was conducted to determine the prey’s nutritional composition. The diet mainly consisted of Macrouridae, Cephalopoda, Anotopteridae, and Channichthyidae. Other prey items found were crustaceans and penguin remains; however, these were rare in terms of their presence in stomach samples. Sex had no effect on diet, whereas size-class and fishing season influenced prey composition. From 27 fatty acid profiles identified, we observed two different prey groups of fishes (integrated by families Anotopteridae, Macrouridae and Channichthyidae) and cephalopods. Our results revealed a narrow range of prey items typical of a generalist predator, which probably consumes the most abundant prey. Understanding the diet and trophic relationships of Antarctic toothfish is critical for a better comprehension of its role in the benthic-demersal ecosystem of the AP, key for ecosystemic fisheries management, and relevant for understanding and predicting the effect of climate change on this species.

show abstract

“…Due to the rapidly increasing levels of global pollution and human population, food production is required to meet the rapidly rising food supply demands. − However, biological and environmental stresses, such as pathogens, pests, drought, and heat, may significantly reduce crop yield and huge economic losses. − As a result, discrete, precise, and real-time monitoring of plant health status is essential. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Plant Sensors Based on Nanometer-Thick Ag Films on Polyethylene Glycol Terephthalate Substrates for Real-Time Monitoring of Plant Growth

Huang,

Gao

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The real-time monitoring of growth status, pest and disease prevention, and the extraction of physical and chemical signals of plant are essential for precision and postharvest agriculture. Although multifunctional wearable plant sensors have been used in leaf wetness and growth monitoring, their high fabrication costs and low performance are drawbacks. Herein, a bionic plant sensor with a nanometer-thick Ag film and double Vshaped grooves was fabricated and operated as a scorpion microscale slit receptor to monitor plant growth. The bionic plant sensor showed ultrasensitive vibration detection capability and was fabricated using a very simple and scalable strategy, requiring only 1 h/per and costing $1.3/per. Furthermore, the wireless sensor enabled continuous and real-time growth monitoring of bamboo, which showed a day/night growth tendency consistent with previous intrusive reports. In addition, the wearable plant sensor demonstrated great potential for real-time plant growth detection.

show abstract

Protect global values of the Southern Ocean ecosystem

Abstract: Climate change and fishing present dual threats

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters

Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters

Trophodynamics of the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the Antarctic Peninsula: Ontogenetic changes in diet composition and prey fatty acid profiles

Wearable Plant Sensors Based on Nanometer-Thick Ag Films on Polyethylene Glycol Terephthalate Substrates for Real-Time Monitoring of Plant Growth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About