“…These differences in reach accuracy and precision across starting and final targethand locations may reflect the kind of signals the brain uses to derive the position of the proprioceptive target. Behavioral and neurophysiological research has revealed the existence of both static (i.e., position) and dynamic (i.e., movement) proprioceptive information, and that both types of information can be used separately to determine final limb position (Burke, Hagbarth, Lofstedt, & Wallin, 1976;Edin & Vallbo, 1990;Goble, Noble, & Brown, 2009;Imanaka, 1989;Imanaka & Abernethy, 1992a, 1992bLonn, Crenshaw, Djupsjobacka, Pedersen, & Johansson, 2000;Sittig, Denier van der Gon, & Gielen, 1985;Smeets & Brenner, 1995). However, previous research compared localization errors across starting positions of the hand and have not examined if the effect of starting position of the hand on localization errors varies across final target-hand locations.…”