Prophylaxis of radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in the palliative treatment of bone metastases

Abstract

Despite prophylaxis, RINV was common among patients receiving palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases, especially during the delayed phase.

Ondansetron Rapidly Dissolving Film for the Prophylactic Treatment of Radiation-Induced Nausea and Vomiting—A Pilot Study

“…The lower results for the delayed phase were likely a result of the short half-life of ondansetron rdf (4-6 hours) which was taken mostly during the acute phase. Use of an ondansetron oral pill for the prophylaxis of rinv in patients has previously been reported 1,11,12 . Our group used the ondansetron 8 mg regular oral formulation for the prophylaxis of rinv and reported a complete control rate of 59% for nausea and 75% for vomiting 1 .…”

“…Use of an ondansetron oral pill for the prophylaxis of rinv in patients has previously been reported 1,11,12 . Our group used the ondansetron 8 mg regular oral formulation for the prophylaxis of rinv and reported a complete control rate of 59% for nausea and 75% for vomiting 1 . In another study by Presutti et al, the reported prophylaxis rate using the regular ondansetron 8 mg oral formulation for nausea during the acute phase was 54% in a singlefraction group and 67% in a multifraction group.…”

“…Depending on the anatomic site of treatment, radiationinduced nausea and vomiting (rinv) can affect 40%-80% of patients undergoing radiation therapy 1 . Inadequately controlled nausea and vomiting can lead to complications such as dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.…”

Aprepitant and Granisetron for the Prophylaxis of Radiotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting after Moderately Emetogenic Radiotherapy for Bone Metastases: A Prospective Pilot Study

“…The benefit of 5-HT 3 RAs for preventing nausea was, however, less pronounced, which make our high control rates notable. In the present study and in our reference pilot work 3 , we chose not to add dexamethasone to a 5-HT 3 RA because the inclusion of that option in the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines stemmed from a single randomized trial 11 that enrolled patients receiving radiation therapy of a different duration and dose per fraction than our patients received. Moving forward, we also hope to establish an option for "add-on" therapy that will allow patients to avoid the potential toxicities of corticosteroids.…”

“…Previously, we reported the results of a prospective cohort study demonstrating that, despite prophylaxis with a 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist (5-HT 3 RA) as recommended in international antiemetic guidelines 1,2 , radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (rinv) was common in patients receiving moderately emetogenic radiotherapy alone for thoracolumbar bone metastases 3 . From the time of radiotherapy commencement until 10 days after radiotherapy completion, only 31% and 43% of patients receiving single-and multiplefraction radiotherapy respectively were free of nausea, and only 44% and 43% were free of vomiting.…”