Properties of polymeric surfactant mediated ZnWO4 nanoparticles for photocatalytic application

A review on the applications of zinc tungstate (ZnWO4) photocatalyst for wastewater treatment

“…PEG concentration also played a prominent role in determining the shape of formed ZnWO 4 nanoparticles. It has been observed by Geetha et al (2019) using the presented SEM images that ZnWO 4 nanoparticles synthesized with PEG had a spherical morphology; however, these new ZnWO 4 nanoparticles had a more uniform and homogenous particle size distribution. The polymeric surfactant PEG caused a change in the morphology of the formed nanoparticles.…”

“…It has been observed that the sizes of nanoparticles tend to vary depending on several factors; this was proved by many researchers, including Hosseinpour-Mashkani et al (2016), who also studied the effect of surfactants on the size of nanoparticles, using PEG led to the synthesis of smaller sized nanoparticles with a good size distribution. Furthermore, PEG was used as a surfactant for the synthesis of ZnWO 4 nanoparticles at 500 C by Geetha et al (2019), and it was observed that an increase in the concentration of PEG by 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 0.7 g, and 0.9 g led to the formation of ZnWO 4 nanoparticles with corresponding crystallite sizes: 70 nm, 56 nm, 65 nm, 60 nm, and 65 nm respectively. The authors further explained that PEG concentration played a vital role in controlling the nucleation and growth of ZnWO 4 nanoparticles.…”