Propanediols

Abstract

The article contains sections titled: 1. 1,2‐Propanediol and Higher Propylene Glycols 1.1. Physical Properties 1.2. Chemical Properties 1.3. Production 1.3.1. Chemical Production 1.3.2. Biotechnological Production 1.4. Quality Specifications 1.5. Transportation and Storage 1.6. Economic Aspects 1.7. Uses 1.8. Derivatives 2. 1,3‐Propanediol 2.1. Properties 2.2. Production 2.2.1. Chemical Production 2.2.2. Biotechnological Production 2.3. Quality Specifications 2.4. Transportation and Storage 2.5. Economic Aspects 2.6. Uses 3. Toxicology

Valorisation of plastic waste via metal-catalysed depolymerisation

“…PLA was directly converted to 1,2propanediol in 99% yield using 1 mol % catalyst (with respect to lactic acid units) and 1,4- [182,188]. PD is a safe chemical that is mainly produced from propylene oxide or catalytically from lactic acid intermediate, and it serves in the polymer and food industry or as antifreezing agent [276,277]. [193].…”

Valorisation of plastic waste via metal-catalysed depolymerisation

“…PLA was directly converted to 1,2propanediol in 99% yield using 1 mol % catalyst (with respect to lactic acid units) and 1,4- [182,188]. PD is a safe chemical that is mainly produced from propylene oxide or catalytically from lactic acid intermediate, and it serves in the polymer and food industry or as antifreezing agent [276,277]. [193].…”

Continuous Flow Upgrading of Selected C2–C6 Platform Chemicals Derived from Biomass

“…1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO, CAS 504-63-2) is an important diol building block for the preparation of polymers. The global value of the 1,3-PDO market is estimated to reach $620 million by 2021 with a global market demand of 225 900 tons by 2022. , Almost the entire production of 1,3-PDO is utilized for the polymer industry for the preparation of polyesters, polyethers, and polyurethanes . 1,3-PDO is also utilized for niche applications, including the preparation of chemical building blocks, as humectant for personal care products, solvent, antifreeze agent, and coolant. , …”

“…1,2-PDO can be produced either from petro-based chemicals or from bio-based chemicals. ,, A typical petro-based process relies on the oxidation of propylene ( 26 ) to propylene oxide ( 13 , Scheme ), which is further reacted with an excess of water under moderate temperature and pressure to form 1,2-PDO. The reactor effluent is then distilled several times to recover high purity 1,2-PDO.…”

“…Global Bio-Chem is a significant producer of 1,2-PDO in China. Developments toward fermentation-based processes are still at a low level of maturity and far from commercial scale …”

“…1,3-PDO can be produced either from petro-based chemicals or from bio-based chemicals. ,, A typical petro-based process includes a two-step sequence whereupon acrolein ( 52 ) is first hydrated to 3-hydroxypropanal ( 53 ), which is then reduced to 1,3-PDO. After distillation, the overall yield is typically low (45%).…”

Valorisation of plastic waste via metal-catalysed depolymerisation

“…PLA was directly converted to 1,2propanediol in 99% yield using 1 mol % catalyst (with respect to lactic acid units) and 1,4- [182,188]. PD is a safe chemical that is mainly produced from propylene oxide or catalytically from lactic acid intermediate, and it serves in the polymer and food industry or as antifreezing agent [276,277]. [193].…”

Continuous Flow Upgrading of Selected C2–C6 Platform Chemicals Derived from Biomass

“…1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO, CAS 504-63-2) is an important diol building block for the preparation of polymers. The global value of the 1,3-PDO market is estimated to reach $620 million by 2021 with a global market demand of 225 900 tons by 2022. , Almost the entire production of 1,3-PDO is utilized for the polymer industry for the preparation of polyesters, polyethers, and polyurethanes . 1,3-PDO is also utilized for niche applications, including the preparation of chemical building blocks, as humectant for personal care products, solvent, antifreeze agent, and coolant. , …”

“…1,2-PDO can be produced either from petro-based chemicals or from bio-based chemicals. ,, A typical petro-based process relies on the oxidation of propylene ( 26 ) to propylene oxide ( 13 , Scheme ), which is further reacted with an excess of water under moderate temperature and pressure to form 1,2-PDO. The reactor effluent is then distilled several times to recover high purity 1,2-PDO.…”

“…Global Bio-Chem is a significant producer of 1,2-PDO in China. Developments toward fermentation-based processes are still at a low level of maturity and far from commercial scale …”

“…1,3-PDO can be produced either from petro-based chemicals or from bio-based chemicals. ,, A typical petro-based process includes a two-step sequence whereupon acrolein ( 52 ) is first hydrated to 3-hydroxypropanal ( 53 ), which is then reduced to 1,3-PDO. After distillation, the overall yield is typically low (45%).…”

Valorisation of plastic waste via metal-catalysed depolymerisation

“…PLA was directly converted to 1,2propanediol in 99% yield using 1 mol % catalyst (with respect to lactic acid units) and 1,4- [182,188]. PD is a safe chemical that is mainly produced from propylene oxide or catalytically from lactic acid intermediate, and it serves in the polymer and food industry or as antifreezing agent [276,277]. [193].…”

Continuous Flow Upgrading of Selected C2–C6 Platform Chemicals Derived from Biomass

“…1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO, CAS 504-63-2) is an important diol building block for the preparation of polymers. The global value of the 1,3-PDO market is estimated to reach $620 million by 2021 with a global market demand of 225 900 tons by 2022. , Almost the entire production of 1,3-PDO is utilized for the polymer industry for the preparation of polyesters, polyethers, and polyurethanes . 1,3-PDO is also utilized for niche applications, including the preparation of chemical building blocks, as humectant for personal care products, solvent, antifreeze agent, and coolant. , …”

“…1,2-PDO can be produced either from petro-based chemicals or from bio-based chemicals. ,, A typical petro-based process relies on the oxidation of propylene ( 26 ) to propylene oxide ( 13 , Scheme ), which is further reacted with an excess of water under moderate temperature and pressure to form 1,2-PDO. The reactor effluent is then distilled several times to recover high purity 1,2-PDO.…”

“…Global Bio-Chem is a significant producer of 1,2-PDO in China. Developments toward fermentation-based processes are still at a low level of maturity and far from commercial scale …”

“…1,3-PDO can be produced either from petro-based chemicals or from bio-based chemicals. ,, A typical petro-based process includes a two-step sequence whereupon acrolein ( 52 ) is first hydrated to 3-hydroxypropanal ( 53 ), which is then reduced to 1,3-PDO. After distillation, the overall yield is typically low (45%).…”