Progress in chromogenics: New results for electrochromic and thermochromic materials and devices

Granqvist, Claes‐Göran; Lansåker, Pia; Mlyuka, Nuru R.; Niklasson, Gunnar A.; Avendaño, E.

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2009.02.026

Cited by 272 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The main chromogenic technologies are: electrochromics (EC) (depending on the application of a voltage or electric charge), the termochromics (TC) (depending on temperature), photochromics (dependent on light irradiation, usually in the ultraviolet range), and gasochromics (depending on exposure to reducing or oxidizing gases) (Carmody et al, 2004;Granqvist, 2006a;Granqvist et al, 2009Granqvist et al, , 2010. It is possible to have more than one of these technologies in the same glass (Granqvist et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

et al. 2014

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Energy performance analysis of Electrochromic (EC) windows is carried out. EC glass and control strategies are modeled and implemented in ESP-r. EC windows are evaluated, on a test prototype, as an alternative to shading devices. Set-points and measured variables are used to control optical properties of EC glass. Within this context, the paper focuses on the energy savings that may occur when using electrochromic (EC) windows, an interesting emerging technology alternative to shading devices to control solar gain in buildings located in Mediterranean climates. The EC windows technology is briefly presented and the optical properties adjustments of the glasses are discussed according to the operated range. The EC window dynamic behavior and the different control strategies are modeled and implemented in the ESP-r building simulation program. The EC window impact in the energy needs for heating and cooling is studied, considering different ambient parameters (exterior dry bulb temperature, interior dry bulb temperature and incident radiation) and set points for the EC control. A comparison of several windows solutions (single, double-glazing and EC windows), the type of building, internal gains from occupancy, lighting and equipment and the orientation of windows are considered for discussion through the analysis of the energy needs for heating and cooling. It is concluded that for this climate the best positive results are obtained when the EC are used in the west façade. For the south façade the results show no significant advantages in using EC windows.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

et al. 2014

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“…Upon electron-transfer or redox reactions, materials that undergo reversible color changes with variations in their optical spectra are called electrochromic materials [1][2][3]. Electrochromic devices composed of these materials, which allow for controlling color cycles, have attracted great interest thanks to their applications important for smart windows [4][5][6], displays [7,8] and antiglare mirrors [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic properties of nanostructured tungsten trioxide (hydrate) films and their applications in a complementary electrochromic device

Jiao

Wang

et al. 2012

Electrochimica Acta

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a b s t r a c tOrthorhombic hydrated tungsten trioxide (3WO 3 ·H 2 O) films consisted of nanosticks and nanoparticles were prepared on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated substrate by a facile and template-free hydrothermal method using ammonium acetate (CH 3 COONH 4 ) as the capping agent. Irregular nanobrick films were obtained without capping agent. Due to the highly rough surface, the nanostick/nanoparticle film depicts faster ion intercalation/deintercalation kinetics and a greater coloration efficiency (45.5 cm 2 /C) than the nanobrick film. A complementary electrochromic device based on the nanostick/nanoparticle 3WO 3 ·H 2 O film and Prussian blue (PB) was assembled. As a result, the complementary device shows a higher optical modulation (54% at 754 nm), a larger coloration efficiency (151.9 cm 2 /C) and faster switching responses with a bleaching time of 5.7 s and a coloring time of 1.3 s than a single 3WO 3 ·H 2 O layer device, making it attractive for a practical application.

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“…Thus far, there is a lack of battery electrodes that can be self-recharged utilizing some spontaneous chemical reactions in ambient conditions. EC materials, capable of storing/releasing ions and electrons in switching, have been previously studied to show battery characteristics 15,16 . As one of known EC materials, iron(II,III) hexacyanoferrate(II,III), commonly known as Prussian blue (PB), is a coordination compound and has long been used as a blue pigment [17][18][19][20] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A bi-functional device for self-powered electrochromic window and self-rechargeable transparent battery applications

et al. 2014

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Electrochromic smart windows are regarded as a good choice for green buildings. However, conventional devices need external biases to operate, which causes additional energy consumption. Here we report a self-powered electrochromic window, which can be used as a self-rechargeable battery. We use aluminium to reduce Prussian blue (PB, blue in colour) to Prussian white (PW, colourless) in potassium chloride electrolyte, realizing a device capable of self-bleaching. Interestingly, the device can be self-recovered (gaining blue appearance again) by simply disconnecting the aluminium and PB electrodes, which is due to the spontaneous oxidation of PW to PB by the dissolved oxygen in aqueous solution. The self-operated bleaching and colouration suggest another important function of the device: a self-rechargeable transparent battery. Thus the PB/aluminium device we report here is bifunctional, that is, it is a self-powered electrochromic window as well as a self-rechargeable transparent battery.

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Progress in chromogenics: New results for electrochromic and thermochromic materials and devices

Cited by 272 publications

References 32 publications

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

Electrochromic properties of nanostructured tungsten trioxide (hydrate) films and their applications in a complementary electrochromic device

A bi-functional device for self-powered electrochromic window and self-rechargeable transparent battery applications

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