“…Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a subset of coordination polymers, are a class of coordination networks with both organic ligands and potential pores ( Falsafi et al, 2021 ; Kajal et al, 2022 ). In comparison with other inorganic porous materials, such as zeolites, porous silica, and carbon materials, MOFs possess some unique structural advantages, including structural diversity, huge specific surface area, and high porosity, abundant unsaturated metal sites and good biocompatibility ( Liu C.-S. et al, 2020 ; Çorman et al, 2022 ; Zhang W. et al, 2023 ). Based on these attractive structural and performance advantages, MOFs have attracted many researchers to investigate the structural features and functions of MOFs and explore their potential applications in gas adsorption, multiphase catalysis, drug delivery, biomedical imaging, and chemical sensing ( Lu et al, 2018 ; Lin et al, 2020 ; Bag et al, 2021 ; Kumari et al, 2022 ).…”