Profiling the Phenolic Compounds of the Four Major Seed Coat Types and Their Relation to Color Genes in Lentil

Abstract

Phenolic compounds can provide antioxidant health benefits for humans, and foods such as lentils can be valuable dietary sources of different subclasses of these secondary metabolites. This study used LC-MS analyses to compare the phenolic profiles of lentil genotypes with four seed coat background colors (green, gray, tan, and brown) and two cotyledon colors (red and yellow) grown at two locations. The mean area ratio per mg sample (MARS) values of various phenolic compounds in lentil seeds varied with the different seed coat colors conferred by specific genotypes. Seed coats of lentil genotypes with the homozygous recessive tgc allele (green and gray seed coats) had higher MARS values of flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, and some flavonols. This suggests lentils featuring green and gray seed coats might be more promising as health-promoting foods.

Polyphenolic Profile of Seed Components of White and Purple Flower Pea Lines

“…Similar to this study, Mirali et al (2017) reported fewer phenolic compounds in lentil cotyledons compared with whole seeds. Various studies have reported a differential pattern of polyphenol distribution in seed coats and cotyledons.…”

“…The phenolic compounds and the six isotopically labeled internal standards used in this study are listed in Table 2, along with their supplier information. Different classes of the phenolic compounds including subclasses of phenolic acids, stilbenes, anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, flavanones, flavones, dihydroflavonols, and flavonols analyzed in this study were previously quantified in lentils (Mirali et al, 2016(Mirali et al, , 2017. Catechin-13 C 3 , 4-hydroxybenzoic acid-13 C 7 , ferulic acid-d 3 , resveratrol (4-hydroxyphenyl-13 C 6 ), vanillin ring-13 C 6 , and quercetin-d 3 were used as internal standards.…”

“…(Weidenbörner et al, 1990). Mirali et al (2016Mirali et al ( , 2017 reported the presence of flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins in brown, green, and gray lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) seed coats, and their absence in zero-tannin types.…”

Polyphenol profile comparisons of seed coats of five pulse crops using a semi‐quantitative liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometric method

“…In our study, polyphenols in pulse seed coat extracts were analysed with absolute quantification, instead of relative quantification used in previous work . Calibration curves for each analyte were generated from injections of the five standards (concentrations in Table S1) at the beginning and end of the analysis.…”

“…The polyphenol profiles of seed coats with different colours within a pulse crop, or among pulse crops, are diverse . In order to effectively use pulse seed coats, characterisation and quantification of their polyphenols is needed, which requires a robust, sensitive, and selective method.…”