Profiling membrane glycerolipids during γ-ray-induced membrane injury

Abstract

Backgroundγ-rays are high-energy radiation that cause a range of random injuries to plant cells. Most studies on this issue have focused on γ-ray-induced nucleotide damage and the production of reactive oxygen species in cells, so little is known about the glycerolipid metabolism during γ-rays induced membrane injury. Using an ESI-MS/MS-based lipidomic method, we analysed the lipidome changes in wild-type and phospholipase D (PLD)δ- and α1-deficient Arabidopsis after γ-ray treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PLD-mediated glycerolipid metabolism in γ-ray-induced membrane injury.ResultsThe ion leakage of Arabidopsis leaves after 2885-Gy γ-ray treatment was less than 10%. High does γ-ray treatment could induce the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of PLDα1 caused severe lipid degradation under γ-ray treatment. γ-ray-induced glycerolipid degradation mostly happened in chloroplastidic lipids, rather than extraplastidic ones. The levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lysoPE) were maintained in the WS ecotypes during γ-ray treatments, while increased significantly in the Col ecotype treated with 1100 Gy. After 210- and 1100-Gy γ-ray treatments, the level of lysophosphatidylglycerol (lysoPG) decreased significantly in the four genotypes of Arabidopsis.Conclusionsγ-ray-induced membrane injury may occur via an indirect mechanism. The degradation of distinct lipids is not synchronous, and that interconversions among lipids can occur. During γ-ray-induced membrane injury, the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) may be mediated by PLDζ1 or phospholipase A1. The degradation of phosphatidylglycerol was not mediated by PLA, PLDδ or PLDα1, but by phospholipase C or other PLDs. γ-rays can decrease the double-bond index and increase the acyl chain length in membrane lipids, which may make membranes more rigid and further cause injury in membranes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1153-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Linalool against Shewanella putrefaciens

“…GPC can be re-acylated by glycerophosphocholine acyltransferase Gpc1 to produce lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), which can be transformed into phosphatidylcholine (PC) by lysophospholipid acyltransferase Ale1 [ 46 ]. PC and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) are the main phospholipids in the plasma membrane and are important for membrane integrity and fluidity; PE can enhance membrane thickness to improve the resistance of cells to environmental stress [ 47 , 48 ]. In general, linalool may bind to the phospholipids of S. putrefaciens membrane, damage the membrane structure, and activate a series of resistance mechanisms to stimulation, thus leading to lipid metabolism disorder.…”

Differences in lipid homeostasis and membrane lipid unsaturation confer differential tolerance to low temperatures in two Cycas species

“…Saccharolipids are main lipids of the chloroplast envelope and thylakoid membrane, which play key roles in the photosynthetic process [ 40 ]. These lipids are likely to be degraded under some stresses [ 11 , 41 ]. However, all the classes of saccharolipids in C. bifida increased significantly after low temperature treatments and all with the exception of DGDG and SQDG recovered to the control level after recovery (Table 3 ).…”

Effects of heat shock on photosynthesis-related characteristics and lipid profile of Cycas multipinnata and C. panzhihuaensis

“…Membrane properties and the functioning of membrane proteins are regulated by lipid composition [ 67 , 77 ]. However, phospholipids and saccharolipids tend to be degraded under environmental stress [ 23 , 78 , 79 ]. For C. multipinnata and C. panzhihuaensis , each lipid class of phospholipids and saccharolipids remained unchanged or increased in amount immediately following heat stress.…”