Production of Carbon Monoxide and Gaseous Hydrocarbons in Seawater: Relation to Dissolved Organic Carbon

Wilson, Donald F.; Swinnerton, J. W.; Lamontagne, R. A.

doi:10.1126/science.168.3939.1577

Cited by 143 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Concerning ethylene concentrations in surface water, the lack of diurnal variation and of a positive correlation between DOC and ethylene concentrations indicate no relevant light induced production from DOC. Analogous to what is known from higher plants and the observations by Wilson et al (1970), ethylene production might not only vary between different species, but is probably also strongly related to the physiological state of the planktonic community. Taking into account the extension of the investigated area, an overall correlation between chlorophyll-a and ethylene concentrations is therefore not to be expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Unlike methane, ethylene concentrations did not increase in the Caribbean and showed only one, distinct maximum. Increased ethylene concentrations in the uppermost waterbody, that one might expect from light induced ethylene production (Wilson et al 1970;Lee & Baker 1992;Ratte et al 1993; see discussion below) does not appear in any of the profiles depicted in Figure 3, even though they all were sampled during daytime.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light induced production of C 2 -and C 3 -alkenes from dissolved organic matter (DOC) in sea water has been proposed by several authors (Wilson et al 1970;Lee & Baker 1992;Ratte et al 1993;Plass-Dülmer et al 1995;see discussion). In our case, comparison of DOC (Fengler 1995; DOC was analysed using high temperature combustion in an oxygen atmosphere at a platinum catalyst) and ethylene concentrations for 58 samples (Figure 5) indicates that there is no simple relationship between these parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zang et al (1993) found indications for ethylene production in the red algae Porphyra perforata. Wilson et al (1970) described a considerable increase of C 2 to C 4 hydrocarbons over a period of time in an illuminated, bacteria-free culture of the diatom Chaetoceros galvestonensis. They also found a light induced production of C 2 -and C 3 -alkenes from DOC in sterilised sea water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ethylene and methane in the upper water column of the subtropical Atlantic

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The vertical distributions of ethylene and methane in the upper water column of the subtropical Atlantic were measured along a transect from Madeira to the Caribbean and compared with temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll-a, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC).Methane concentrations between 41.6 and 60.7 nL L −1 were found in the upper 20 m of the water column giving a calculated average flux of methane into the atmosphere of 0.82 µg m −2 h −1 . Methane profiles reveal several distinct maxima in the upper 500 m of the water column and short-time variations which are presumably partly related to the vertical migration of zooplankton.Ethylene concentrations in near surface waters varied in the range of 1.8 to 8.2 nL L −1 . Calculated flux rates for ethylene into the atmosphere were in the range of 0.41 to 1.35 µg m −2 h −1 with a mean of 0.83 µg m −2 h −1 . Maximum concentrations of up to 39.2 nL L −1 were detected directly below the pycnocline in the western Atlantic. The vertical distributions of ethylene generally showed one maximum at the pycnocline (about 100 m depth) where elevated concentrations of chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients were also found; no ethylene was detected below 270 m depth. This suggests that ethylene release is mainly related to one, probably phytoplankton associated, source, while for methane, enhanced net production occurs at various depth horizons. For surface waters, a simple correlation between ethylene and chlorophyll-a or DOC concentrations could not be observed. No considerable diurnal variation was observed for the distribution and concentration of ethylene in the upper water column.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ethylene and methane in the upper water column of the subtropical Atlantic

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Carbon monoxide is a natural by-product in a variety of biologic and chemical reactions that occur in nature (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Once formed, the gas may be oxidized to carbon dioxide by photochemical reactions in the troposphere (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic growth of a Rhodopseudomonas species in the dark with carbon monoxide as sole carbon and energy substrate.

Uffen¹

1976

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

210

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A species of Rhodopseudomonas that grows under strict anaerobic conditions in the dark and requires CO was isolated from lake and pond sediments. Although anaerobic growth in the dark occurs in a chemically defined mineral medium with CO as the only carbon and energy source, growth is stimulated by adding trypticase. Under these conditions, cells exhibit a generation time of 6.7 hr and reach a final concentration of I to 3 X 109 cells per ml of liquid medium. Resting suspensions of CO-grown cells metabolize about 6.7 Vmol of CO per mg of protein in 1 hr and produce equimolar amounts of CO2 and H2 according to the equation CO + H210 -CO2 + H2. As predicted by this equation, when cells were suspended in tritium-labeled water containing potassium phosp ate buffer at pH 7.0 and incubated with pure CO, 3H2 gas was produced at linear rate with a constant specific activity. Carbon monoxide is a natural by-product in a variety of biologic and chemical reactions that occur in nature (1-5). Once formed, the gas may be oxidized to carbon dioxide by photochemical reactions in the troposphere (6). Evidence that biologic reactions also occur for oxidation and/or utilization of CO has been more difficult to obtain (7,8). Both plant and bacterial systems have been implicated.The ability of leaf tissue from young bean plants to oxidize CO to CO2 in light led to speculation that plants play an important role in removing CO from the atmosphere. Nevertheless, since the reaction was not observed when other tissfies were used (2), the ability to oxidize CO may not be a general property of green plants. In addition, it has been reported that a variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria metabolize carbon monoxide. However, in these studies performed with suspensions of whole cejls (9) or protein extracts (10-13), the reaction(s) occurred slowly and amounts of CO oxidized to CO9 were small. Likewise a few studies (14,15) suggested certain aerobic microorganisms could grow with CO. Unfortunately, important experimental details were lacking and it was not possible to determine if the cells grew methylotrophically (7, 8), i.e., with CO as a source of carbon and energy, or if the gas was cometabolized (10, 11) with other substrates required for cell growth. It has been generally accepted that two species of methanogenic bacteria can oxidize CO to CO2 under anaerobic conditions, and with H2 can form methane gas and grow (16)(17)(18) monoxide-utilizing microorganisms were selectively isolated from anaerobic enrichment cultures. About 50 ml of reduced liquid medium (described below) was prepared, but without adding trypticase, and inoculated with a 1 g sample of anaerobic, black sediment from Crystal Lake, Urbana, Ill. or from a duck pond located outside Champaign, Ill. Enrichment cultures were incubated at 340 under a stream of sterile, oxygenfree H2-CO gas (80:20 mixture). When turbid growth developed, a sample of cells was obtained from the enrichment culture by means of a platinum inoculation loop and transferred into 50 ml of ster...

show abstract

Ethylene causes transcriptomic changes in Synechocystis during phototaxis

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethylene is well known as a plant hormone, but its role in bacteria is poorly studied.We recently showed that Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 has a functional receptor for ethylene, ethylene response 1 (Etr1), that is involved in various processes such as phototaxis in response to directional light and biofilm formation. Here, we use RNA sequencing to examine the changes in gene transcripts caused by ethylene under phototaxis conditions. Over 500 gene transcripts across many functional categories, of approximately 3700 protein-encoding genes, were altered by application of ethylene. In general, ethylene caused both up-and downregulation of genes within a functional category. However, the transcript levels of amino acid metabolism genes were mainly upregulated and cell envelope genes were mostly downregulated by ethylene. The changes in cell envelope genes correlate with our prior observation that ethylene affects cell surface properties to alter cell motility. Ethylene caused a twofold or more change in 62 transcripts with the largest category of upregulated genes annotated as transporters and the largest category of downregulated genes annotated as glycosyltransferases which sometimes are involved in changing the composition of sugars on the cell surface. Consistent with changes in cell envelope, glycosyltransferase, and transporter gene transcripts, application of ethylene altered the levels of specific sugar moieties on the surface of cells. Light signaling from Etr1 involves two proteins (Slr1213 and Slr1214) and a small, noncoding RNA, carbon stress-induced RNA1 (csiR1). Application of ethylene caused a rapid, but transient, decrease in the transcript levels of etr1, slr1213, and slr1214 and a rapid and prolonged decrease in csiR1 transcript. Deletion of Slr1214 caused a large increase in csiR1 transcript levels and ethylene lowered csiR1 transcript.These data combined with prior reports indicate that ethylene functions as a signal to affect a variety of processes altering the physiology of Synechocystis cells. K E Y W O R D Sethylene receptor, extracellular polymeric substances, RNA-seq, Synechocystis

show abstract

Production of Carbon Monoxide and Gaseous Hydrocarbons in Seawater: Relation to Dissolved Organic Carbon

Cited by 143 publications

References 5 publications

Ethylene and methane in the upper water column of the subtropical Atlantic

Ethylene and methane in the upper water column of the subtropical Atlantic

Anaerobic growth of a Rhodopseudomonas species in the dark with carbon monoxide as sole carbon and energy substrate.

Ethylene causes transcriptomic changes in Synechocystis during phototaxis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About