Production of Antibacterial Agent From Fungi Isolated From Pharmaceutical Soil Sample by Fermentation Under Optimized Conditions

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to isolate fungi having antibacterial activity from pharmaceutical site soil sample and production of antibacterial agents by solid and submerged state fermentation under optimized conditions. Antibacterial activity of laboratory isolated and produced antibacterial agent was compared with other commercialized antibiotics to check the efficiency of laboratory produced antibacterial agent. Methods: For isolation and characterization of fungal isolates American Public Health Association standard was followed. Antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion and agar disc diffusion method. Results: On the basis of morphological and microscopic characteristics six fungal isolates belongs to four different genus species, i.e., Aspergillus sp. (F1, F2, F3), Penicillium sp. (F4), Rhizopus sp. (F5), and Fusarium sp. (F6), and they were tested against six bacterial isolates, i.e., Streptococcus sp. (B1), Bacillus sp. (B2), Staphylococcus sp. (B3), Bacillus sp. (B4), Bacillus sp. (B5), and Enterococcus sp. (B6). Except B4 all bacterial isolates growth were inhibited by fungal isolates. Under optimized conditions maximum zone of inhibition, i.e., 78 mm against B1 and B5 shown by F1 and F6 at 2% and 1% glucose concentration, respectively, at 10 pH. When comparison was made between commercialized antibiotics and lab produced antibacterial agents, it was observed lab produced antibacterial agent was more efficient in terms of zone of inhibition. Conclusion: Lab isolated and produced antibacterial agents were more efficient than commercialized antibiotics. This study demonstrated that lab isolated antibacterial agents isolated from six fungal isolates seems to be a stable and potent antibacterial and can be used as alternative to expensive commercialized antibiotics.

Antibiotic Activity of a Newly Discovered Aspergillus Species Isolated from Sewage Dump Site

“…The Aspergillus species that showed inhibition in the primary test was used in solid state fermentation for the production of crude antibiotics using the method of Bhardwaj et al (2017). 100 ml of water and 100 g of rice grain were weighed into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask and boiled to touch before being autoclaved at 121 o C for 15 minutes.…”

Phylogenetic analysis of Streptomyces producing antimicrobial agent isolated from Kukup Beach Sand, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

“…Several studies have been conducted to find the antimicrobial substance from fungi, including: endophytes (Bhardwaj et al 2017) and bacteria (Nayaka et al 2019;Ambarwati et al 2019), endophyte bacteria (Leonita et al 2015;Yuwantiningsih et al 2015;Mohammed et al 2017;Syed et al 2017;Gislin et al 2018;Moi et al 2018), Actinomycetes (Wulandari and Rahayu. 2015;Retnowati et al 2017;Nayaka et al 2018;Al-Ansari et al 2019), and Streptomyces (Beiranvand et al 2017;Ambarwati et al 2020).…”

Screening and Characterization of Antibiotic Producing Organisms from Waste Dump Soil Sample

“…Some important antibiotic producing microorganisms such as Streptomyces, Bacillus, Cephalosporium, and Penicillium have been studied extensively and are still being studied for antibiotic production [7]. Actinomycetes are well known sources of biologically active microbial products, and also most medically and commercially important antibiotics [8] but bacteria and fungi [9] are currently gaining attention in the discovery of new antibiotics…”