Production, engine performance, combustion, emission characteristics and economic feasibility of biodiesel from waste cooking oil: A review

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increasing demands for diesel are considered to be important triggers for many of the initiatives that have been taken to search for possible sources for the production of biodiesel from materials available within the country. It is possible to produce biodiesel from waste/used cooking oils (WCO) that is comparable in quality to that of fresh vegetable oil. Not only does reuse of WCO, which can otherwise harm human health, reduce the burden on the government of treating oily wastewater, disposing of the waste, and maintaining public sewers, it also significantly lowers the production cost of biodiesel. In the process of frying, oil undergoes many reactions, leading to the formation of a number of undesirable compounds, such as polymers, free fatty acids, and many other chemicals. This poses challenges in the transesterification of WCO. This article covers different techniques in the production of biodiesel from WCO.It also compares combustion, emissions, and engine performance characteristics of biodiesel from WCO as well as factors affecting biodiesel production from WCO and its economic feasibility. K E Y W O R D S

Microwave‐Assisted Esterification of Oleic Acid Using an Ionic Liquid Catalyst

“…In this part of the study, the esterification reaction was carried out above the boiling point of methanol (120°C). Since the reaction temperature was above the boiling point of methanol and a large amount of methanol used, it vaporized and formed excessive bubbles, which might have inhibited the reaction [11,31,32]. Therefore, the use of excess methanol had no effect on the esterification reaction in this study.…”

Characteristics of Heterogeneous Catalysts Fly Ash Fraction of Light Shell and Fiber of Palm Oil Mill Solid Waste Grown on Peatlands

“…Hysteresis loop type H3. The larger surface area provides more catalytically active base sites for transesterification to occur, thus increasing the conversion rate [16]. Calcination time can affect the particle surface area, where a high calcination duration will reduce the BET surface area.…”

“…The use of heterogeneous catalysts does not lead to soap formation, and solid acid catalysts can replace strong liquid acids, eliminating corrosion problems. The advantage of using a solid acid catalyst is that it is not sensitive to FFA content and the separation of the catalyst is easier [16].…”

Emission study on a direct injection diesel engine powered with blends of Moringa oleifera biodiesel‐diesel

“…However, both methyl esters produced more nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions by 11%–22% compared with the PBDF over the speed range. Rekhate and Prajapati (2019) reviewed the production, engine performance, combustion, emission characteristics, and economic feasibility of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. The reasons most frequently given include the higher oxygen content of biodiesel and its blends and the advanced injection process with biodiesel.…”