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Cited by 1,044 publications
(294 citation statements)
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References 138 publications
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“…The CNF diameter from TEMPO-oxidized fibers was very similar, about 15 nm. CNF diameters vary from that of a single microfibril (3 to 5 nm) to thicker microfibril aggregates of up to 100 nm (Isogai et al 2011;Klemm et al 2011;Abdul Khalil et al 2014). Lengths can vary from several hundreds of nm to 1 μm.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The CNF diameter from TEMPO-oxidized fibers was very similar, about 15 nm. CNF diameters vary from that of a single microfibril (3 to 5 nm) to thicker microfibril aggregates of up to 100 nm (Isogai et al 2011;Klemm et al 2011;Abdul Khalil et al 2014). Lengths can vary from several hundreds of nm to 1 μm.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nanofibrils can create entangled networks with diameters less than 100 nm. They also possess attractive properties such as high strength, flexibility and high aspect ratio (length to diameter ratio) [9][10] .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chemical or enzymatic treatments can be employed before or after the mechanical process 9,10,15 . Paschoal et al 16 obtained nanofibrillated cellulose from oat hulls using bleaching with peracetic acid, acid hydrolysis at a mild temperature (45ºC) followed by ultrasonication.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cellulose-based micro-and nanomaterials are considered alternatives to inorganic filler-reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites for construction, automotive, and packaging applications Endo et al 2013;Abdul Khalil et al 2014). These new materials can provide strong reinforcement in polymer composites (Henriksson et al 2007;Ramires and Dufresne 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%