Production and isolation of chitosan by submerged and solid-state fermentation fromLentinus edodes

Abstract

A method for the laboratory-scale production and isolation of chitosan (polyglucosamine) by liquid and solidstate fermentation from Lentinus edodes was developed. The yields of isolated chitosan were 120 mg/L of fermentation medium under liquid fermentation conditions and 6.18 g/kg of fermentation medium under solid-state fermentation conditions. The latter method, which gives up to 50 times yields than other chitosan production methods from fungi, provides a new flexible and easily scaledup procedure for the production of low acetylation degree chitosan.

Production of Fungal Chitosan by Enzymatic Method and Applications in Plant Tissue Culture and Tissue Engineering: 11 Years of Our Progress, Present Situation and Future Prospects

“…It was observed that the yield of chitosan obtained from fungal mycelia grown in SSF (3.7 g chitosan/kg of solid substrate) was higher than that in SMF (0.6 g chitosan/L of fermentation medium) due to the low amount of mycelia produced in SMF (Nwe et al, 2002). Based on the results obtained from our research and Crestini et al, 1996, solid substrate fermentation was selected as the best fermentation method to produce chitosan by fungus Gongronella butleri (Figure 1). Fig.…”

“…Tan et al, 1996 evaluated the yield of chitosan from several Zygomycetes fungi including Absidia, Gongronella, Mucor and Rhizopus and concluded that G.butleri gave the highest yield of chitosan. At the same time, Crestini et al, 1996 reported that the yield of chitosan produced from Lentinus edodes grown in solid state fermentation, 6.18 g/kg was higher than that in submerged fermentation, 0.12 Production of Fungal Chitosan by Enzymatic Method and Applications in Plant Tissue Culture and Tissue Engineering: 11 Years of Our Progress, Present Situation and Future Prospects 137 g/l. In 1998, fungus Gongronella butleri was selected to produce chitosan in our research.…”

“…The quality and quantity of chitosan extracted from the fungal mycelia depend on the fungal strain: Absidia, Gongronells, Rhizopus, etc; fermentation type: solid substrate/state fermentation and submerged fermentation (batch fermentation, fed batch ferementation and continuous fermentation); fermentation medium composition: carbon source and concentration, nitrogen source and concentration, and metal ions and their concentration; fermentation conditions: inoculum size, harvesting time, fermentation temperature; and chitosan extraction procedure (Arcidiacono & Kaplan, 1992;Crestini et al, 1996;Rane & Hoover, 1993;Nwe & Stevens, 2002, 2002bTan et al, 1996;Jaworska & Konieczna, 2001;Nwe et al, 2002. Among the different fermentation methods, SSF has shown as the best fermentation method for the production of chitosan from fungal mycelia (Nwe et al, 2002;Crestini et al, 1996).…”

“…Among the different fermentation methods, SSF has shown as the best fermentation method for the production of chitosan from fungal mycelia (Nwe et al, 2002;Crestini et al, 1996). Therefore it was decided to design a solid substrate fermentor for the growth of fungus Gongronella butleri USDB 0201.…”

A Review of the Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives in Agriculture to Modify Plant-Microbial Interactions and Improve Crop Yields

“…This means that the global chitinous waste production from this source is 2.1-2.7 Mt, most of which could be productively utilised in agriculture. While attempts have been made to extract chitin from the waste produced from edible fungi cultivation [12,13] or by using fungi to ferment plant material [14], these enterprises are currently conducted on a much smaller scale to crustacean-derived chitin production.…”