Production and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Tropical Legumes

Werner, Dietrich

doi:10.1007/1-4020-3544-6_1

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Graham and Vance (2003) noted that the formation of root nodules for biological nitrogen fixation requires signaling between the host and the microsymbiont and that this process involves the expression of numerous genes. Molecular breeding and genomic approaches may permit the manipulation of both the host plant and the bacteria to enhance BNF (Tsai et al 1998;Werner 2005).…”

Section: Biological Nitrogen Fixation (Bnf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievements and limitations of contemporary common bean breeding using conventional and molecular approaches

Beaver

Osorno

2009

Euphytica

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) improvement programs have been successful using conventional breeding methods to accomplish a wide array of important objectives. Specific achievements include the extension of range of adaptation of the crop, the development of cultivars with enhanced levels of disease and pest resistance and breeding lines that possess greater tolerance to drought. The most effective breeding method depends on the expression and inheritance of the trait to be selected and the target environment. Many bean improvement programs use molecular markers to facilitate cultivar development. In fact, several recent germplasm releases have used molecular markers to introgress and or pyramid major genes and QTL for disease resistance. Related species (P. coccineus and P. acultifolius) via interspecific hybridizations remain an important albeit long-term source for resistance to economically important diseases. Slow progress has been made in the improvement of traits such as adaptation to low soil fertility and tolerance to high levels of soluble Al in the soil using conventional breeding methods. The inability to directly measure root traits and the importance of genotype 9 environment interaction complicate the selection of these traits. In addition, symbiotic relationships with Rhizobium and mycorrhiza need to be taken into consideration when selecting for enhanced biological N fixation and greater or more efficient acquisition of soil P. Genomic examination of complex traits such as these should help bean breeders devise more effective selection strategies. As integration of genomics in plant breeding advances, the challenge will be to develop molecular tools that also benefit breeding programs in developing countries. Transgenic breeding methods for bean improvement are not well defined, nor efficient, as beans are recalcitrant to regeneration from cell cultures. Moreover, if issues related to consumer acceptance of GMOs cannot be resolved, traits such as herbicide tolerance in transgenic bean cultivars which would help farmers reduce production costs and decrease soil erosion will remain unrealized.

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Section: Biological Nitrogen Fixation (Bnf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievements and limitations of contemporary common bean breeding using conventional and molecular approaches

Beaver

Osorno

2009

Euphytica

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“…Besides its nutritional quality and source of income, chickpea plays tremendous role in soil fertility by improvement of symbiotic N 2 -fixation in association with Mesorhizobia bacteria (Werner, 2005;Funga et al, 2016). Improved soil fertility boosts crop production and maximizes chickpea yield (Jida and Assefa, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic characterization and symbiotic effectiveness test of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) rhizobia isolated from Dejen and Aneded Districts, East Gojjam Zone, Amahara Region, Ethiopia

Aynalem¹,

Tadele²,

Bezie³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important leguminous crop grown in different parts of Ethiopia.It is a nutritionally valued and N 2 -fixing legume which forms a symbiotic association with Mesorhizobium. This study was conducted to characterize and evaluate symbiotic efficacy of chickpea rhizobia isolated from soil samples collected from the study area. Seventeen chickpea rhizobia were isolated by soil host plant trap method and characterized for edaphic stress tolerance. Five of the isolates were grown at high temperature of 45°C and salt concentration of 6%, whereas seven were grown at acidic pH of 4, and four were grown at basic pH of 9. All isolates were not resistant to kanamycin, while fair resistance to erythromycin and streptomycin and modest resistance to ampicillin and azithromycin were observed. Furthermore, most of the isolates showed a variation in nodulation with higher (22 NN/p) and lowest (9 NN/p) scores. Shoot dry weight (SDW) of the plant ranged from 1.18 to 1.84 g/p and isolates showed effective (67%) to highly effective (100%) N 2 -fixing performance. From these, four isolates showed multiple edaphic stress resistance and are recognized as promising candidate for chickpea production in stressed soil; however, further study in the filed is required.

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“…We were unable to identify any significant link between test bed parameter concentrations and vegetation cover, which points to the possibility that the commercial soil properties, rather than the vegetation, are the main driver for the observed parameter values. Ammonia and ammonium are major sources of nitrogen for vegetation, one of the most important elements in plants, contributing to chlorophyll production [79,80], proteins [81,82] and others like DNA and ATP molecules [83]. Ammonia can occur naturally in the environment due to nitrifying bacteria [84] and animal waste [85], although it is also widely used in fertilizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Biocrusts and Xerophytic Vegetation a Viable Green Roof Typology in a Mediterranean Climate? A Comparison between Differently Vegetated Green Roofs in Water Runoff and Water Quality

Rocha

Paço

Luz

et al. 2021

Water

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Green roofs can be an innovative and effective way of mitigating the environmental impact of urbanization by providing several important ecosystem services. However, it is known that the performance of green roofs varies depending on the type of vegetation and, in drier climates, without resorting to irrigation, these are limited to xerophytic plant species and biocrusts. The aim of this research was therefore to compare differently vegetated green roofs planted with this type of vegetation. A particular focus was their ability to hold water during intense stormwater events and also the quality of the harvested rainwater. Six test beds with different vegetation compositions were used on the roof of a building in Lisbon. Regarding stormwater retention, the results varied depending on the composition of the vegetation and the season. As for water quality, almost all the parameters tested were higher than the Drinking Water Directive from the European Union (EU) and Word Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking-water quality standards for potable water. Based on our results, biocrusts and xerophytic vegetation are a viable green roof typology for slowing runoff during stormwater events.

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Production and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Tropical Legumes

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Achievements and limitations of contemporary common bean breeding using conventional and molecular approaches

Achievements and limitations of contemporary common bean breeding using conventional and molecular approaches

Phenotypic characterization and symbiotic effectiveness test of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) rhizobia isolated from Dejen and Aneded Districts, East Gojjam Zone, Amahara Region, Ethiopia

Are Biocrusts and Xerophytic Vegetation a Viable Green Roof Typology in a Mediterranean Climate? A Comparison between Differently Vegetated Green Roofs in Water Runoff and Water Quality

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