Process models of decision making

Harte, J.M.; Westenberg, M.R.M.; Someren, M.A.P. van

doi:10.1016/0001-6918(94)90046-9

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, Russo, Johnson, and Stephens (1989) found that simultaneous verbalization affected cognitive processes and decision accuracy. Further criticism of the thinking aloud technique concerned the fact that not all cognitive processes can be verbalized (Harte, Westenberg, & van Someren, 1994;Westenberg & Koele, 1994). However, if the participant is given clear instructions to communicate thoughts without analyzing them, the independence between verbalization and primary task -that is, the validity of the data -can be assumed (Ericsson & Simon, 1993 The construction of the scenarios followed the examples provided by Huber (2004;Huber et al, 1997;.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-Specific Search for Risk-Defusing Operators

Wilke

Haug

Funke

2008

Swiss Journal of Psychology

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Active risk-defusing behavior is that performed by decision makers in risky situations when they look for additional actions that decrease the risk and allow them to favor a riskier alternative. Our study demonstrates that risk-defusing behavior depends on the type of risk (normal, medium, catastrophic, or global) as well as on the domain (health, economy, or ecology). In total, 12 scenarios (four types of risk from three risk domains each) were constructed. Using the interview techniques of active information search and thinking aloud, we conducted 120 interviews about decision-making processes with these scenarios. The results showed that active search for different risk-defusing operators depends on the type of risk, but even more on the domain of the scenario. Results suggest a need for further research about a typology of risk situations in which, besides formal classification criteria, content issues are also explored.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-Specific Search for Risk-Defusing Operators

Wilke

Haug

Funke

2008

Swiss Journal of Psychology

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“…Process-tracing typically focuses on various parameters of individuals' information search and acquisition strategies, such as the order in which information is retrieved and the duration ofaccess to information (for reviews, see Ford, Schmitt, Schechtman, Hults, & Doherty, 1989;Harte, Westenberg, & van The authors gratefully acknowledge Sylvie Noel for her generous help with programming the experimental stimuli. The DECOUT program will run on Apple Macintosh computers with the application HyperCard; it can be obtained by sending a blank 3.5-in.…”

Section: Methodological Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…edu.au. Someren, 1994). The process-tracing approach has several methodological difficulties, however, which potentially lead to data that are uninformative and confounded.…”

Section: Methodological Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing decision strategies using HyperCard

Finucane

Milech

Maybery

1996

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

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The use of "process-tracing" techniques for examining individuals' decision strategies has been criticized widely for yielding results that are uninformative and often confounded. The present paper describes a new technique based on a "structural" approach that allows efficient assessment of finely discriminated decision strategies via a HyperCard program called DECOUT. The program presents individuals with an information matrix (e.g., describing five alternative pesticides on three attributes). Individuals are asked to choose the best or the worst alternative in the matrix for 12 problems. Information in the matrix is constructed so that choice of an alternative by an individual is uniquely associated with use of one particular decision strategy. The strategies include information integration, maximin, maximax, pessimism-optimism, and minimax-regret processes. An experiment using the program is described, and possible directions for future research and development are discussed.A long-standing problem for researchers in decision making has been the lack of an efficient and accurate technique for assessing decision strategies. We have developed a new technique whereby minimal data can be used in order to distinguish among specific decision strategies. Our technique revitalizes the seemingly forsaken "structural" approach in decision-making research, insofar as it estimates an individual's decision strategy on the basis of his/her decision outcome. The main feature of our technique is that we can provide individuals with decision problem information in such a way that their preferred option (alternative) in the problem is uniquely associated with one of five specific decision strategies.Our technique has both methodological and theoretical value. In this paper, we focus on the methodological value first. We then describe an example of a theoretical question that can be examined by using the technique. We report an experiment in which the technique was used, and finally, we discuss possible directions for future research and development. METHODOLOGICAL VALUEOur technique is an alternative to the recently popular "process-tracing" techniques. Process-tracing typically focuses on various parameters of individuals' information search and acquisition strategies, such as the order in which information is retrieved and the duration ofaccess to information (for reviews, see Ford, Schmitt, Schechtman, Hults, & Doherty, 1989;Harte, Westenberg, & van The authors gratefully acknowledge Sylvie Noel for her generous help with programming the experimental stimuli. The DECOUT program will run on Apple Macintosh computers with the application HyperCard; it can be obtained by sending a blank 3.5-in. Apple-formatted disk to M. Finucane,

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“…The protocol approach is rooted in psychology and the decision-making discipline (e.g., Genest & Turk, 1981;Harte, Westenberg, & van Someren, 1994) and has been used to understand how people make decisions in situations characterised by uncertainty and ambiguity (e.g., Highhouse, 1994). In this respect, one important advantage of protocol data is that the biases that can arise if respondents are asked direct or leading questions about the decision-making process are avoided.…”

Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited commentary on van Kleef et al.: selection and evaluation criteria

Jaeger

2005

Food Quality and Preference

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Process models of decision making

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Risk-Specific Search for Risk-Defusing Operators

Risk-Specific Search for Risk-Defusing Operators

Assessing decision strategies using HyperCard

Invited commentary on van Kleef et al.: selection and evaluation criteria

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