Process integration study of a kraft pulp mill converted to an ethanol production plant – Part A: Potential for heat integration of thermal separation units

Fornell, Rickard; Berntsson, Thore

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.10.010

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A great opportunity to implement alkaline pretreatment process while significantly reducing capital investment would be the repurposing of existing Kraft paper mills to bioethanol plants [37]. Repurposing can take advantage of proven manufacturing infrastructure, existing skilled operating personnel, and an established biomass supply chain [38]. Another possibility would be to co-locate bio-ethanol plants with existing pulp mills that have excess capacity in their chemical recovery systems, such that black liquor produced from pretreatment could be regenerated by nearby pulp mills.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding of alkaline pretreatment parameters for corn stover enzymatic saccharification

Chen

Stevens

Zhu

et al. 2013

Biotechnol Biofuels

251

103

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BackgroundPrevious research on alkaline pretreatment has mainly focused on optimization of the process parameters to improve substrate digestibility. To achieve satisfactory sugar yield, extremely high chemical loading and enzyme dosages were typically used. Relatively little attention has been paid to reduction of chemical consumption and process waste management, which has proven to be an indispensable component of the bio-refineries. To indicate alkali strength, both alkali concentration in pretreatment solution (g alkali/g pretreatment liquor or g alkali/L pretreatment liquor) and alkali loading based on biomass solids (g alkali/g dry biomass) have been widely used. The dual approaches make it difficult to compare the chemical consumption in different process scenarios while evaluating the cost effectiveness of this pretreatment technology. The current work addresses these issues through pretreatment of corn stover at various combinations of pretreatment conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis with different enzyme blends was subsequently performed to identify the effects of pretreatment parameters on substrate digestibility as well as process operational and capital costs.ResultsThe results showed that sodium hydroxide loading is the most dominant variable for enzymatic digestibility. To reach 70% glucan conversion while avoiding extensive degradation of hemicellulose, approximately 0.08 g NaOH/g corn stover was required. It was also concluded that alkali loading based on total solids (g NaOH/g dry biomass) governs the pretreatment efficiency. Supplementing cellulase with accessory enzymes such as α-arabinofuranosidase and β-xylosidase significantly improved the conversion of the hemicellulose by 6–17%.ConclusionsThe current work presents the impact of alkaline pretreatment parameters on the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover as well as the process operational and capital investment costs. The high chemical consumption for alkaline pretreatment technology indicates that the main challenge for commercialization is chemical recovery. However, repurposing or co-locating a biorefinery with a paper mill would be advantageous from an economic point of view.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding of alkaline pretreatment parameters for corn stover enzymatic saccharification

Chen

Stevens

Zhu

et al. 2013

Biotechnol Biofuels

251

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Wu et al (2014) evaluated the techno-economic potential of repurposing a Kraft mill for bioethanol production from loblolly pine [173]. Fornell et al (2012) discussed the energy efficiency and performed an economic analysis of a conceptual Kraft pulp mill that was converted into a lignocellulosic ethanol plant [174,175].…”

Section: Converting Pulp and Paper Mills Into Biorefineriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock

2018

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Due to the health and environment impacts of fossil fuels utilization, biofuels have been investigated as a potential alternative renewable source of energy. Bioethanol is currently the most produced biofuel, mainly of first generation, resulting in food-fuel competition. Second generation bioethanol is produced from lignocellulosic biomass, but a costly and difficult pretreatment is required. The pulp and paper industry has the biggest income of biomass for non-food-chain production, and, simultaneously generates a high amount of residues. According to the circular economy model, these residues, rich in monosaccharides, or even in polysaccharides besides lignin, can be utilized as a proper feedstock for second generation bioethanol production. Biorefineries can be integrated in the existing pulp and paper industrial plants by exploiting the high level of technology and also the infrastructures and logistics that are required to fractionate and handle woody biomass. This would contribute to the diversification of products and the increase of profitability of pulp and paper industry with additional environmental benefits. This work reviews the literature supporting the feasibility of producing ethanol from Kraft pulp, spent sulfite liquor, and pulp and paper sludge, presenting and discussing the practical attempt of biorefineries implementation in pulp and paper mills for bioethanol production.

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“…Amidon and Liu 2009;CEPI 2009;IEA 2009;Cherubini 2010;FitzPatrick et al 2010;Huang et al 2010;IEA 2010b;SETIS 2010;Stawicki and Read 2010;EBTP 2011;Hellsmark 2011;Jönsson et al 2011;Mäkinen et al 2011;Mora et al 2011;SETIS 2011b;EBTP 2012bEBTP , 2012aFornell and Berntsson 2012;Heyne and Harvey 2012;Moshkelani et al 2012;Naqvi et al 2012a;Wang et al 2012.…”

Section: Commercial Statusunclassified

Emerging Energy-Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Technologies for the Pulp and Paper Industry

Kong¹

2012

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The pulp and paper industry ranks fourth in terms of energy consumption among industries worldwide. Globally, the pulp and paper industry accounted for approximately 5 percent of total world industrial final energy consumption in 2007, and contributed 2 percent of direct carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from industry. Worldwide pulp and paper demand and production are projected to increase significantly by 2050, leading to an increase in this industry's absolute energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Development of new energy-efficiency and GHG mitigation technologies and their deployment in the market will be crucial for the pulp and paper industry's mid-and long-term climate change mitigation strategies. This report describes the industry's processes and compiles available information on the energy savings, environmental and other benefits, costs, commercialization status, and references for 36 emerging technologies to reduce the industry's energy use and GHG emissions. Although studies from around the world identify a variety of sector-specific and cross-cutting energy-efficiency technologies that have already been commercialized for the pulp and paper industry, information is scarce and/or scattered regarding emerging or advanced energy-efficiency and low-carbon technologies that are not yet commercialized. The purpose of this report is to provide engineers, researchers, investors, paper companies, policy makers, and other interested parties with easy access to a well-structured resource of information on these technologies.

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Process integration study of a kraft pulp mill converted to an ethanol production plant – Part A: Potential for heat integration of thermal separation units

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Understanding of alkaline pretreatment parameters for corn stover enzymatic saccharification

Understanding of alkaline pretreatment parameters for corn stover enzymatic saccharification

Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock

Emerging Energy-Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Technologies for the Pulp and Paper Industry

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