Procedural and distributive justice in a community-based managed Marine Protected Area in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Gustavsson, Madeleine; Lindström, Lars; Jiddawi, Narriman; Torre‐Castro, Maricela de la

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2014.01.005

Cited by 83 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, there has been a long history of critical social science research on racism, equity and environmental justice, in which the goal was critique and emancipation from unacceptable social and environmental conditions (Brechin et al, 2003;Gustavsson et al, 2014). Fourth, social scientists can anticipate future trends through modeling and forecasting social and/or economic conditions.…”

Section: The Social Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation social science: Understanding and integrating human dimensions to improve conservation

Bennett¹,

Roth²,

Klain³

et al. 2018

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143

215

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It has long been claimed that a better understanding of human or social dimensions of environmental issues will improve conservation. The social sciences are one important means through which researchers and practitioners can attain that better understanding. Yet, a lack of awareness of the scope and uncertainty about the purpose of the conservation social sciences impedes the conservation community's effective engagement with the human dimensions. This paper examines the scope and purpose of eighteen subfields of classic, interdisciplinary and applied conservation social sciences and articulates ten distinct contributions that the social sciences can make to understanding and improving conservation. In brief, the conservation social sciences can be valuable to conservation for descriptive, diagnostic, disruptive, reflexive, generative, innovative, or instrumental reasons. This review and supporting materials provides a succinct yet comprehensive reference for conservation scientists and practitioners. We contend that the social sciences can help facilitate conservation policies, actions and outcomes that are more legitimate, salient, robust and effective.

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Section: The Social Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation social science: Understanding and integrating human dimensions to improve conservation

Bennett¹,

Roth²,

Klain³

et al. 2018

Preprint

143

215

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“…Although not the main objective of this project, it is advisable for future projects to address individual and household level dynamics together with wider community and political system dynamics to create robust change. One important concern worth mentioning is that the varying opportunity for project participation, and associated benefits, has also caused a feeling of injustice among Zanzibar people (Gustavsson et al 2014). …”

Section: Critical Factors Toward Sustainable Transformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-scale innovations in coastal communities: shell-handicraft as a way to empower women and decrease poverty

Fröcklin¹,

Jiddawi²,

Torre‐Castro³

2018

E&S

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ABSTRACT. We analyzed the potential of small-scale innovations, such as shell-handicraft, as a way to foster transformation toward sustainability, decrease poverty, and increase women's empowerment in Zanzibar, Tanzania. The shell-handicraft project was founded by USAID in 2006 and was introduced as an alternative livelihood to low-paid seaweed farming and invertebrate harvesting activities. The main objective, however, was to not only alleviate poverty and empower women, but also to improve management of coastal resources, and allegedly by doing so, break poverty traps. To analyze the potential benefits of this enterprise, and more specifically whether or not women involved in this project have been empowered, a framework was used that comprises three inter-related dimensions; agency, access to resources, and outcome. Agency includes the process of decision making, negotiation, etc., in which choices are made and put into effect. Access to resources (financial, physical, human, and social) is the medium through which agency is exercised, and outcome can be defined as the result of agency. Simply put, resources and agency make up people's potential for living the lives they want. Semistructured interviews were administered to a group of women (n = 36) involved in shell-handicraft and a group of women not involved in shell-handicraft (n = 36) in five villages located in central/south Zanzibar. The results show that over time, the women engaged in shell-handicraft have improved their access to a range of resources, mainly physical (house, cell phone, freezer, and electricity), human (knowledge in marketing, leadership, and entrepreneurship), and social (organization). This further resulted in reported improved self-confidence and decision-making authority within the household. Regarding financial resources, both savings and income improved for the targeted group, but more research is advised. Positively, the environmental impacts of the activity are seemingly low. Old shells are collected for handicraft and a number of no-take zones, as part of the project, have been established to preserve marine resources, which allowed for women's participation in coastal management. The project has also empowered women and challenged stereotypes, aspects critical for progressive and inclusive management. Although all in all, the women interviewed were satisfied and had increased their standard of living, the discussion problematizes this innovation by addressing scaling up possibilities, market constraints, and the kick-off process having external top-down elements. Even though the recipients of the benefits from the project have been few, this case has valuable elements to learn from and can provide inspiration to drive coastal systems into more sustainable paths.

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“…Examples of women working to support community-level sustainable development processes can be found in research conducted in Africa [39][40][41], Asia [42,43], the Pacific Islands [34,36] and Central America [44]. By contrast, in Sweden -as an example of the industrialized West -Westberg and Powell [38] discovered that competences related to holistic and learning-oriented approaches required by policy documents and directives within environmental management agencies are, in addition to being gendered, also under-valued because they are gendered.…”

Section: Women In Sustainable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Un-gendering the ocean: Why women matter in ocean governance for sustainability

Gissi¹,

Michelle²,

Hornidge³

2018

Preprint

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This viewpoint emphasizes gendered perspectives and reflects on gender roles for sustainabilityfocused governance. It argues that when considering gender in this context, not only equity, or power-plays between genders are at stake; for effective ocean governance, an irreducible contribution of female voices is necessary. Some key contributions of women in the field of ocean governance-related research are described as examples. If women, for instance, are not included in fisheries management, we miss the complete picture of social-ecological linkages of marine ecosystems. Overall, women are often regarded as major actors driving sustainable development because of their inclusiveness and collaborative roles. Similarly, women have advocated for the common good in marine conservation, raising important (and often neglected) concerns. In maritime industries, women enlarge the talent pool for innovation and smart growth. Besides the manifold possibilities for promoting the involvement of women in ocean governance and policymaking, this viewpoint highlights how gendered biases still influence our interactions with the ocean. It is necessary to reduce the structural, and systemically-embedded hurdles that continue to lead to gendered decision-taking with regard to the ocean. This is the accepted manuscript of a paper originally published in Marine Policy. You may find the final, formatted version at 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.05.020. Keywords: ocean governance; sustainable development goals; environmental conservation; fishery management; maritime industry; natural resources; inclusiveness; decision-making; gendered perspective Highlights 1. The viewpoint reflects on women's contribution to a sustainable ocean governance 2. Gendered biases still influence our interaction with the ocean 3. Some key contributions of women in ocean governance-related research are described 4. Examples on fishery, ocean conservation, sustainability, maritime industry included 5. Ocean governance needs acknowledging women's role for its effectiveness 2 IntroductionIn the human realm, just as in the animal world, the sea is a suitable backdrop for the unwinding of the dramas played out between different genders. only equity, or power-play between genders -as is often argued in the field of gender studies (see [9]) -but the effective achievement of sustainability through ocean governance. This viewpoint proposes addressing these issues through the lens of the multiple, and often overlooked contributions of women, and thus encourages strong involvement of females in the field and especially those with varied socio-cultural backgrounds.The important role that women may bring to ocean governance efforts can be highlighted by reviewing some of their contributions from within a range of social, cultural and historical contexts.By discussing and exemplifying some contributions of selected female colleagues in balancing development and marine conservation through research, this paper reiterates important contributions women make to the field of ...

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Procedural and distributive justice in a community-based managed Marine Protected Area in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Cited by 83 publications

References 38 publications

Conservation social science: Understanding and integrating human dimensions to improve conservation

Conservation social science: Understanding and integrating human dimensions to improve conservation

Small-scale innovations in coastal communities: shell-handicraft as a way to empower women and decrease poverty

Un-gendering the ocean: Why women matter in ocean governance for sustainability

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