Problems Associated with Co-Infection by Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in COVID-19 Patients: A Review

Yahya, Reham

doi:10.3390/healthcare10122412

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“… 55 – 59 This model can assess the ability of therapeutics to treat a type of infection where treatment is complicated by biofilm formation. 5 , 60 , 61 Initially, we assessed the toxicity profile of bac7 (1–35) to validate the absence of general mammalian cell cytotoxicity ( Figure S7 ; Table S1 ). Our hemolysis results revealed bac7 (1–35) has a limited ability to lyse red blood cells, as we did not see an increase in lysis as we increased the concentration of peptide ( Figure S7 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This rebounding observed with the gold standard for topical treatment is very intriguing considering the increase in polymyxin B resistance in recent years. 5 , 68 , 69 Although our in vivo testing was limited in this study, it begins to reveal the potential of our peptide for wound treatment. Our future studies will focus on therapeutic optimization of bac7 (1–35) to increase the selectivity index and broaden the in vivo testing to include longer time intervals between infection and treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyproline peptide targets Klebsiella pneumoniae polysaccharides to collapse biofilms

De los Santos,

Beckman,

DeBarro

et al. 2024

Cell Reports Physical Science

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyproline peptide targets Klebsiella pneumoniae polysaccharides to collapse biofilms

De los Santos,

Beckman,

DeBarro

et al. 2024

Cell Reports Physical Science

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“…Bacterial coinfection among recruited patients was commonly caused by gram-negative bacterial species, including K pneumoniae and A baumannii as evidenced in other similar studies. [ 11 , 27 ] These bacterial species are frequently linked with multidrug resistance (MDR) and treatment failure. Thus, coinfection caused by K pneumoniae or/and A baumannii would be more serious and challenging due to the higher rate of treatment failure, severe complications and death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria in COVID-19 patients

Aldarhami,

Punjabi,

Bazaid

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Bacterial coinfection among patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a critical medical concern that increases the disease severity and mortality rate. The current study is aimed at evaluating the effects of bacterial coinfections among COVID-19 patients, especially in relation to degree of severity and mortality. A retrospective study was conducted for patients with positive COVID-19 test, admitted to a regional COVID-19 hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between May and August 2020. A specimen (e.g., blood, urine, or sputum) was collected from patients with confirmed COVID-19, and was cultured to determine bacterial coinfection caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. COVID-19 patients were categorized into 2 groups based on the result of bacterial coinfection culture, as COVID-19 patients with coinfection and COVID-19 patients without coinfection. Independent sample t test or Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare age and hospitalization period between these groups. In addition, binominal logistic regression was applied to identify risk factors associated with mortality and bacterial coinfection. The study included 342 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Eighty (23.3%) patients were diagnosed with bacterial coinfection, while the remaining 262 (76.6%) patients did not test positive for bacterial coinfection. Length of hospital stay was prolonged among COVID-19 patients diagnosed with bacterial coinfection (16.01 ± 11.36 days) when compared with patients without bacterial coinfection (6.5 ± 6.12 days). Likewise, the mortality rate was significantly higher among COVID-19 patients with bacterial coinfection (90%) compared to those without bacterial coinfection (49.2%). Gram-negative bacteria were predominant compared to gram-positive, as Klebsiella pneumoniae (35 [43.8%]) and Acinetobacter baumanni (32 [40%]). On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus (4 [5%]), Enterococcus faecalis (1 [1.3%]), and Enterococcus faecium (1 [1.3%]) were identified as gram-positive bacterial species from recruited patients. The findings of the current study showed that prolong hospitalization is the main risk factor associated with bacterial coinfection and death. Thus, health care providers should minimize hospitalization as well as following a continuous monitoring for bacterial coinfection among COVID-19 patients, to control the spread of infection and reducing the severity and mortality rate among COVID-19 patients.

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“…E. bugandensis is a common human commensal [43,44] but can act as an opportunistic pathogen, co-infecting immunocompromised individuals (e.g. COVID-infected patients) [45], and have the ability to transfer plasmids through HGT events [46,47]. Studies have also demonstrated the co-presence of Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Paenibacillus, and Pantoea as bacterial endophytes in cereals and Enterobacter sp., Mixta sp., and Pantoea sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic, Functional, and Metabolic Enhancements in Multidrug-ResistantEnterobacter bugandensisFacilitating its Persistence and Succession in the International Space Station

Sengupta,

Sivabalan,

Singh

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The International Space Station (ISS) stands as a testament to human achievement in space exploration. Within its highly controlled environment, characterized by microgravity, increased CO2 levels, and elevated solar radiation, microorganisms occupy a unique niche. These microbial inhabitants play a significant role in influencing the health and well-being of astronauts on board. One microorganism of particular interest in our study is Enterobacter bugandensis, primarily found in clinical specimens including human gastrointestinal tract, and also reported to exhibit pathogenic traits, leading to a plethora of infections. Results: Distinct from their Earth counterparts, ISS E. bugandensis strains have exhibited resistance mechanisms that categorize them within the ESKAPE pathogen group, a collection of pathogens recognized for their formidable resistance to antimicrobial treatments. During the two-year Microbial Tracking 1 mission, 12 strains of multidrug-resistant E. bugandensis were isolated from various locations within the ISS. We have carried out a comprehensive study to understand the genomic intricacies of ISS-derived E. bugandensis in comparison to terrestrial strains, with a keen focus on those associated with clinical infections. We aimed to unravel the evolutionary trajectories of pivotal genes, especially those contributing to functional adaptations and potential antimicrobial resistance. A hypothesis central to our study was that the singular stresses of the space environment, distinct from any on Earth, could be driving these genomic adaptations. In extending our investigation, we meticulously mapped the prevalence and distribution of E. bugandensis across the ISS over time. This temporal analysis provided insights into the persistence, succession, and potential patterns of colonization of E. bugandensis in space. Furthermore, by leveraging advanced analytical techniques, including metabolic modeling, we delved into the coexisting microbial communities alongside E. bugandensis in the ISS across multiple missions and spatial locations. This exploration revealed intricate microbial interactions, offering a window into the microbial ecosystem dynamics within the ISS. Conclusions: Our comprehensive analysis illuminated not only the ways these interactions sculpt microbial diversity but also the factors that might contribute to the potential dominance and succession of E. bugandensis within the ISS environment. The implications of these findings are twofold. Firstly, they shed light on microbial behavior, adaptation, and evolution in extreme, isolated environments. Secondly, they underscore the need for robust preventive measures, ensuring the health and safety of astronauts by mitigating risks associated with potential pathogenic threats.

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Problems Associated with Co-Infection by Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in COVID-19 Patients: A Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Polyproline peptide targets Klebsiella pneumoniae polysaccharides to collapse biofilms

Polyproline peptide targets Klebsiella pneumoniae polysaccharides to collapse biofilms

Prevalence and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria in COVID-19 patients

Genomic, Functional, and Metabolic Enhancements in Multidrug-ResistantEnterobacter bugandensisFacilitating its Persistence and Succession in the International Space Station

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