Probiotics promoted head growth in extremely low birthweight infants in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial

Wejryd, Erik; Marchini, Giovanna; Frimmel, Veronica; Jónsson, Baldvin; Abrahamsson, Thomas

doi:10.1111/apa.14497

Cited by 41 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The present study was a part of the prospective, randomized-controlled, multi-centre trial “Prophylactic Probiotics to Extremely Low Birth Weight Premature Infants” (PROPEL) evaluating the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on feeding tolerance, growth, severe morbidities, and mortality in ELBW premature infants (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01603368). A detailed study design and the clinical outcomes have been published elsewhere [ 21 ]. Briefly, in total 134 infants born between gestational week (gw) 23 + 0 and 27 + 6 with a birth weight below 1000 g were enrolled between 2012 and 2015 at two level III neonatal intensive care units (Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Stockholm, and Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Diversity of Human Milk Oligosaccharides is Associated with Necrotising Enterocolitis in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

et al. 2018

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Difference in human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) composition in breast milk may be one explanation why some preterm infants develop necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) despite being fed exclusively with breast milk. The aim of this study was to measure the concentration of 15 dominant HMOs in breast milk during the neonatal period and investigate how their levels correlated to NEC, sepsis, and growth in extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) infants who were exclusively fed with breast milk. Milk was collected from 91 mothers to 106 infants at 14 and 28 days and at postmenstrual week 36. The HMOs were analysed with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. The HMOs diversity and the levels of Lacto-N-difucohexaose I were lower in samples from mothers to NEC cases, as compared to non-NEC cases at all sampling time points. Lacto-N-difucohexaose I is only produced by secretor and Lewis positive mothers. There were also significant but inconsistent associations between 3′-sialyllactose and 6′-sialyllactose and culture-proven sepsis and significant, but weak correlations between several HMOs and growth rate. Our results suggest that the variation in HMO composition in breast milk may be an important factor explaining why exclusively breast milk fed ELBW infants develop NEC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Diversity of Human Milk Oligosaccharides is Associated with Necrotising Enterocolitis in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

et al. 2018

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“…The present study was a part of the prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled multicenter trial Prophylactic Probiotics to Extremely Low Birth Weight Premature Infants, evaluating the effect of probiotic L. reuteri DSM 17938 on feeding tolerance, growth, severe morbidities, and mortality in ELBW premature infants (http://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT01603368). The study design has been described in detail elsewhere (22). Briefly, 134 ELBW infants were supplemented either with the probiotic bacterial strain L. reuteri DSM 17938 or placebo.…”

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Preterm Infants Have Significant Alterations in Their Conventional T Cell Compartment during the First Weeks of Life

Qazi

Jensen

Heiden

et al. 2020

The Journal of Immunology

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Extremely preterm neonates are particularly susceptible to infections, likely because of severely impaired immune function. However, little is known on the composition of the T cell compartment in early life in this vulnerable population. We conducted a comprehensive phenotypic flow cytometry-based longitudinal analysis of the peripheral conventional T cell compartment of human extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGAN) with extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) participating in a randomized placebo-controlled study of probiotic supplementation. PBMCs from ELGAN/ELBW neonates were collected at day 14, day 28, and postmenstrual week 36. Comparisons were made with full-term 14-d-old neonates. Total CD4 + and CD8 + T cell frequencies were markedly lower in the preterm neonates. The reduction was more pronounced among the CD8 + population, resulting in an increased CD4/CD8 ratio. The preterm infants were also more Th2 skewed than the full-term infants. Although the frequency of regulatory T cells seemed normal in the ELGAN/ELBW preterm neonates, their expression of the homing receptors a4b7, CCR4, and CCR9 was altered. Notably, ELGAN/ELBW infants developing necrotizing enterocolitis before day 14 had higher expression of CCR9 in CD4 + T cells at day 14. Chorioamnionitis clearly associated with reduced T regulatory cell frequencies and functional characteristics within the preterm group. Finally, probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri did not impose any phenotypic changes of the conventional T cell compartment. In conclusion, notable immaturities of the T cell compartment in ELGAN/ELBW neonates may at least partially explain their increased susceptibility to severe immunemediated morbidities.

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“…gave 134 extremely low‐birthweight infant oil drops containing the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 or a placebo. They did this once a day until the infants reached 36 weeks of gestation . The authors found that the probiotic did not reduce the time it took the infants to reach full enteral feeds.…”

Section: Probiotics Promoted Head Growth In Extremely Low‐birthweightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Käll¹,

Lagercrantz²

2018

Acta Paediatrica

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Probiotics promoted head growth in extremely low birthweight infants in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial

Abstract: Lactobacillus reuteri did not reduce time to reach full enteral feeds in ELBW infants. The L. reuteri supplemented infants, however, had a better growth rate of the head during the first month of life.

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Low Diversity of Human Milk Oligosaccharides is Associated with Necrotising Enterocolitis in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

Low Diversity of Human Milk Oligosaccharides is Associated with Necrotising Enterocolitis in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

Extremely Preterm Infants Have Significant Alterations in Their Conventional T Cell Compartment during the First Weeks of Life

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