Probiotic Yeast from Miso Ameliorates Stress-Induced Visceral Hypersensitivity by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Abstract

Background/Aims Recent studies indicate that probiotics, which have attracted attention as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome, affect intestinal homeostasis. In this study, we investigated whether Zygosaccharomyces sapae (strain I-6), a probiotic yeast isolated from miso (a traditional Japanese fermented food), could improve irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Methods Male Wistar rats were exposed to water avoidance stress (WAS). The number of defecations during WAS and the visceral hypersensitivity before and after WAS were evaluated using colorectal distension. Tight junction changes were assessed by Western blotting. Some rats were fed with strain I-6 or β-glucan from strain I-6. Changes in the intestinal microbiota were analyzed. The effect of fecal microbiota transplantation after WAS was evaluated similarly. Caco-2 cells were stimulated with interleukin-1β and tight junction changes were investigated after coculture with strain I-6. Results The increased number of stool pellets and visceral hypersensitivity induced by WAS were suppressed by administering strain I-6. The decrease in tight junction protein occludin by WAS was reversed by the administration of strain I-6. β-Glucan from strain I-6 also suppressed those changes induced by WAS. In the rat intestinal microbiota, treatment with strain I-6 altered the β-diversity and induced changes in bacterial occupancy. Upon fecal microbiota transplantation, some symptoms caused by WAS were ameliorated. Conclusions These results suggest that traditional fermented foods such as miso in Japan are valuable sources of probiotic yeast candidates, which may be useful for preventing and treating stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity.

Efficacy and Safety of S1P1 Receptor Modulator Drugs for Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis

“…Immune cell trafficking is a crucial component of the intestinal immune response [56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. Adhesion molecules, chemoattractants, receptors on immune cell surfaces, blood vessels, and stromal intestinal tissue, as well as signaling pathways, particularly those S1Pmodulated ones, are all involved in this process.…”

The Networked Interaction between Probiotics and Intestine in Health and Disease: A Promising Success Story

“…Similarly, fermented soy products, kefir, and probiotic supplements in the form of capsules, tablets, and powders are examples of non-dairy probiotic sources. Fermented soy products like tempeh and miso are rich in probiotics [ 42 ]. Non-dairy kefir provides probiotics and can be a suitable option for individuals avoiding dairy products.…”

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Fermented soybean foods and diabetes

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