Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve in Improving Cognitive Functions of Older Adults with Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Xiao, Jin‐zhong; Katsumata, Noriko; Bernier, François; Ohno, Kazuya; Yamauchi, Yuki; Odamaki, Toshitaka; Yoshikawa, Kunihiko; Ito, Kimihiro; Kobayashi, Toshiyuki

doi:10.3233/jad-200488

Cited by 116 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyunsaturated fatty acid [51] and probiotic [52] consumption have been shown to ameliorate or preserve cognitive function. Previous studies have suggested that intake of the probiotics Bi dobacterium [52] or Lactobacillus [53] inhibits cognitive decline. Dietary diversity is also protective against cognitive decline [54], and nutritional education [55] is essential for patients and their family members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between the Japanese-style diet, gut microbiota, and dementia: a cross-sectional study

Saji

Tsuduki

Murotani

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Previous studies have shown associations between the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and cognitive decline. However, the effect of the dietary composition on such associations has not been fully investigated. Methods We performed a cross-sectional sub-analysis of data from our prospective hospital-based cohort study (the Gimlet study) to evaluate the relationships between dietary composition, cognitive decline, and the gut microbiota. All the participants of the Gimlet study had been provided with information regarding this sub-study in 2018. Patients were excluded if they were unable to provide sufficient data in the questionnaire regarding their dietary composition. We assessed their demographics, dietary composition, risk factors, cognitive function, results of brain imaging, gut microbiome, and microbial metabolites. On the basis of previous studies, a nine-component traditional Japanese diet index (JDI9), a 12-component modern JDI (JDI12), and a 12-component revised JDI (rJDI12), were defined. Higher JDI scores indicated greater conformity to the traditional Japanese diet. We then evaluated the relationships between the JDI scores, cognitive function, and the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results We analyzed data from 85 eligible patients (61% women; mean age: 74.6 ± 7.4 years; mean Mini-Mental State Examination score: 24 ± 5). Compared with participants with dementia, those without dementia were more likely to consume foods in the JDI12, including fish and shellfish (64.5% vs. 39.1%, P = 0.048), mushrooms (61.3% vs. 30.4%, P = 0.015), soybeans and soybean-derived foods (62.9% vs. 30.4%, P = 0.013), and coffee (71.0% vs. 43.5%, P = 0.024). There were non-significant trends towards lower fecal concentrations of gut microbial metabolites in participants with a more traditional Japanese diet. Participants with dementia had lower JDI9, JDI12, and rJDI12 scores than participants without dementia (dementia vs. non-dementia, median JDI9 score: 5 vs. 7, P = 0.049; JDI12: 7 vs. 8, P = 0.017; and rJDI12: 7 vs. 9, P = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions Adherence to a traditional Japanese diet was found to be inversely associated with cognitive decline and tended to be associated with lower concentrations of gut microbial metabolites. Trial registration: UMIN000031851.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the Japanese-style diet, gut microbiota, and dementia: a cross-sectional study

Saji

Tsuduki

Murotani

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Very recent animal studies [ 306 , 307 ], clinical trials [ 308 ] and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials [ 309 ] also suggest that altering microbiota with probiotics can lead to changes in brain function including cognitive functions. Mice in an early stage of AD were treated with a probiotic formulation, that decreased their cognitive decline compared with controls and reduced accumulation of amyloid β aggregates [ 310 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Options/perspectives To Slow Down Cognitive mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Is Related to the Composition of Gut Microbiota

et al. 2021

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The microbiota–gut–brain axis plays an important role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Commensal and pathogenic enteric bacteria can influence brain and immune system function by the production of lipopolysaccharides and amyloid. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome induces local and consecutively systemic immune-mediated inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines then trigger neuroinflammation and finally neurodegeneration. Immune-mediated oxidative stress can lead to a deficiency of vitamins and essential micronutrients. Furthermore, the wrong composition of gut microbiota might impair the intake and metabolization of nutrients. In patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) significant alterations of the gut microbiota have been demonstrated. Standard Western diet, infections, decreased physical activity and chronic stress impact the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. A higher abundancy of “pro-inflammatory” gut microbiota goes along with enhanced systemic inflammation and neuroinflammatory processes. Thus, AD beginning in the gut is closely related to the imbalance of gut microbiota. Modulation of gut microbiota by Mediterranean diet, probiotics and curcumin can slow down cognitive decline and alter the gut microbiome significantly. A multi-domain intervention approach addressing underlying causes of AD (inflammation, infections, metabolic alterations like insulin resistance and nutrient deficiency, stress) appears very promising to reduce or even reverse cognitive decline by exerting positive effects on the gut microbiota.

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“… Kim et al (2020) reported that administrating a probiotic mixture ( Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI) promoted mental flexibility and alleviated stress in healthy older (≥ 65 years) subjects. Moreover, Bifidobacterium breve A1 (MCC1274) treatment improved memory function in healthy older adults suffering from MCI ( Xiao et al, 2020 ). The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improved cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults with cognitive impairment ( Sanborn and Azcarate-Peril, 2020 ).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Probiotics and Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of Good Bacteria and Central Nervous System: Cognitive Aspects and Mechanistic Considerations

Salami

2021

Front. Neurosci.

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The human gastrointestinal tract hosts trillions of microorganisms that is called “gut microbiota.” The gut microbiota is involved in a wide variety of physiological features and functions of the body. Thus, it is not surprising that any damage to the gut microbiota is associated with disorders in different body systems. Probiotics, defined as living microorganisms with health benefits for the host, can support or restore the composition of the gut microbiota. Numerous investigations have proved a relationship between the gut microbiota with normal brain function as well as many brain diseases, in which cognitive dysfunction is a common clinical problem. On the other hand, increasing evidence suggests that the existence of a healthy gut microbiota is crucial for normal cognitive processing. In this regard, interplay of the gut microbiota and cognition has been under focus of recent researches. In the present paper, I review findings of the studies considering beneficial effects of either gut microbiota or probiotic bacteria on the brain cognitive function in the healthy and disease statuses.

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Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve in Improving Cognitive Functions of Older Adults with Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Cited by 116 publications

References 30 publications

Relationship between the Japanese-style diet, gut microbiota, and dementia: a cross-sectional study

Relationship between the Japanese-style diet, gut microbiota, and dementia: a cross-sectional study

The Immunopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Is Related to the Composition of Gut Microbiota

Interplay of Good Bacteria and Central Nervous System: Cognitive Aspects and Mechanistic Considerations

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