Probable modern analogue of Kuroko-type massive sulphide deposits in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin

Halbach, Peter; Nakamura, K.; Wahsner, M.; Lange, Joachim; Sakai, Hitoshi; Käselitz, L.; Hansen, Richard; Yamano, Makoto; Post, John D.; Prause, B.; Seifert, Richard; Michaelis, Walter; Teichmann, Friedrich; Kinoshita, Masataka; Märten, A.; Ishibashi, Jun-ichiro; Czerwinski, S.; Blum, N.

doi:10.1038/338496a0

Cited by 252 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…27.6a, c). This field is named as "JADE" in commemoration of Japan-Deutche collaboration during the SO-56 cruise of German Research Vessel Sonne, which accomplished the first discovery for the seafloor hydrothermal activity around Japan (Halbach et al 1989). Hydrothermal activity was recognized in an area of 500 Â 300 m. Venting of hydrothermal fluid up to 320 C at the TBS chimney at water depth of 1,350 m seems to mark the central part of the present hydrothermal activity in the field.…”

Section: Jade Hydrothermal Field In the Izena Holementioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 3 km southwest of the Biwako Vent, the Hakurei field is located; however, the sandwiched area between the Jade and Hakurei fields has not been explored. Mineralization in the Jade field was studied at first using massive samples collected by a TV-controlled deep-sea grab system during SO-56 cruise (Halbach et al 1989). Sphalerite and galena were the principal minerals, which are accompanied by pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite-tennantite, barite, amorphous silica and anglesite.…”

Section: Jade Hydrothermal Field In the Izena Holementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the initial discovery in 1988 (Halbach et al 1989), seafloor hydrothermal activity of the Okinawa Trough has been considered a modern analog to ancient Kuroko-type VMS (volcanogenic massive sulfide) deposits. Fouquet et al (1991) proposed seafloor massive sulfide deposits in a back-arc setting showed more resemblance to the Kuroko-type deposits compared with those in the midocean ridge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Ishibashi

Ikegami

Tsuji

et al. 2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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The Okinawa Trough is a back-arc basin behind the Ryukyu trench-arc system and located along the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent. Sulfide and sulfate mineralization associated with hydrothermal activity has been recognized in ten hydrothermal fields in the Okinawa Trough. Hydrothermal mineralization recognized in these fields is commonly represented by coexisting occurrence of zinc-and lead-enriched polymetallic sulfides and abundant sulfate minerals. The mineralogy and geochemical signatures present has led researchers to suggest these areas may be a modern analogue for the formation of ancient Kuroko-type volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Recent seafloor drilling during IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) Expedition 331 documented the subseafloor structure of a hydrothermal system at the Iheya North Knoll. Mineral textures and hydrothermal assemblages present in the drilled cores obtained from a hydrothermal mound in the proximal area are consistent with Kuroko-type mineralization. Based on geochemical studies, the intra-field diversity of mineralization commonly recognized in the Okinawa Trough can be explained by subseafloor phase separation of the hydrothermal fluid, which reflects shallow water depth (from 700 to 1,600 m). The subseafloor phase separation may. play an important role to accumulate metal elements beneath the seafloor. Based on geophysical and geological studies, the Okinawa Trough is considered a back-arc basin in the rifting stage. Such a tectonic setting is characterized by development of normal faulting in brittle continental crust and frequent intrusion of a magma, which can be expected to provide favorable environment for development of a hydrothermal system Keywords

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Section: Jade Hydrothermal Field In the Izena Holementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jade Hydrothermal Field In the Izena Holementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Ishibashi

Ikegami

Tsuji

et al. 2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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“…The S and Pb isotope characteristics of massive sulfide deposits from modern seafloor hydrothermal systems in mid-ocean ridges (MORs) and back-arc basins (BABs) have been summarized by Halbach et al (1989Halbach et al ( , 1997, Fouquet and Marcoux (1995), Verati et al (1999), Seal et al (2000), Zeng et al (2000a, b), Shanks (2001), Cousens et al (2002), Kim et al (2004Kim et al ( , 2006, Hannington et al (2005), and Yao et al (2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of massive sulfides from deep-sea hydrothermal systems: Implications for ore genesis and fluid circulation

Zeng

Chen

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…A recent study of these deposits (Ohmoto and Skinner, 1983) presented geochemical and geologic evidence that points to the formation of the Kuroko ores as precipitates from hot hydrothermal fluids issuing from vent fields within a deep-sea (>2000 m), sedimented, failed-rift setting in the western proto-Sea of Japan during late early Miocene time. The analogy between geologic context of the Kuroko deposits and the geologic setting of the Kita-Yamato Rise and Site 799 could not be more direct, with one exception-we are not aware of any evidence suggesting Miocene caldera formation in the Yamato Rise area, a prominent feature associated with both Kuroko deposition (Ohmoto and Takahashi, 1983) and modern analogues in the Okinawa Trough (Halbach et al, 1989). Even if present, our chances of actually encountering a massive sulfide or shale-hosted deposit at Site 799 were remote; our primary goal was to detail the depositional, SITE 799…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site 799

1990

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Comments: a Drilling in this hole was conducted during two visits (see text).Ingle, J. C, Jr., Suyehiro, K., von Breymann, M. T., et al., 1990. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 128: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).2 Shipboard Scientific Party is as given in list of participants preceding the contents. Core recovery (%): 106 HOLE 799CDate Oldest sediment cored:Depth (mbsf): 252.5 Nature: diatom clayey mixed sedimentComments: This was a "dedicated" hole to test the sonic core monitor.Principal results: Our objectives at Site 799, located in the KitaYamato Trough were (1) to determine the depositional and tectonic history of the trough as a sedimented failed-rift environment thought to be ideal or typical for the occurrence of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of the Kuroko or perhaps shale-hosted type and (2) to obtain information about the paleoceanographic history of the Yamato Rise area and the Sea of Japan as a whole.Results at Site 799 are summarized below, and a stratigraphic summary is presented in Figure 1. 1. Before drilling, seismic estimates of the thickness of sediment in the Kita-Yamato Trough indicated up to 1300 m of Miocene to Holocene sediments might be present in the axis of this narrow graben structure. Drilling in the trough, we penetrated 1084 m of lower Miocene through Holocene sediments before an increase in hydrocarbon gases and a fluorescent cut forced us to stop drilling. Post-drilling vertical seismic profile (VSP) analysis indicated that acoustic basement was present about 120 m below the base of Hole 799B (1084 mbsf T.D.), indicating a total sediment thickness of about 1200 m.2. The sedimentary column at Site 799 can be divided into five lithologic units that correspond to variations in composition and depositional style and major post-depositional diagenetic changes. Benthic foraminifers indicate that the entire sediment column at Site 799 was deposited at lower to middle bathyal water depths that were approximately equivalent to the presentday water depth at this site (2084 m). Coarse turbidite sands mark early Miocene deposition in the trough area and indicate close proximity to an insular or continental littoral area and associated terrestrial environments. Middle and upper Miocene intervals are dominated by siliceous claystones, porcellanites, and biosiliceous sediments that include common authigenic carbonate layers and nodules, indicating high surface productivity of both siliceous and calcareous plankton during this period. organic matter indicate episodic deposition under low-oxygen bottom-water masses. Lower Pliocene sediments are rich in diatoms, with higher amounts of fine-grained terrigenous sediment appearing in late Pliocene through Pleistocene time, accompanied by slump deposits, redeposited foraminiferal sands, and volcanic ashes. There are hints of a causal relationship between the appearance of the slump deposits and the occurrence of volcanic ashes.3. The opal-A/opal-CT transition occurs at about 435 mbsf and forms a major lithologic and geochemical bound...

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Probable modern analogue of Kuroko-type massive sulphide deposits in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin

Cited by 252 publications

References 7 publications

Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of massive sulfides from deep-sea hydrothermal systems: Implications for ore genesis and fluid circulation

Site 799

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