Prisons as Social Determinants of Hepatitis C Virus and Tuberculosis Infections

Awofeso, Niyi

doi:10.1177/00333549101250s406

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…7 These epidemics converge in the EECA region, where abrupt and far-reaching social, economic, and political transitions since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 have resulted in poor public health consequences. Where such negatively reinforcing comorbidities exist, effective HIV prevention and treatment must address all problems simultaneously to have a noticeable effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perfect storm: incarceration and the high-risk environment perpetuating transmission of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite global reductions in HIV incidence and mortality, the 15 UNAIDS-designated countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) that gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 constitute the only region where both continue to rise. HIV transmission in EECA is fuelled primarily by injection of opioids, with harsh criminalisation of drug use that has resulted in extraordinarily high levels of incarceration. Consequently, people who inject drugs, including those with HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis, are concentrated within prisons. Evidence-based primary and secondary prevention of HIV using opioid agonist therapies such as methadone and buprenorphine is available in prisons in only a handful of EECA countries (methadone or buprenorphine in five countries and needle and syringe programmes in three countries), with none of them meeting recommended coverage levels. Similarly, antiretroviral therapy coverage, especially among people who inject drugs, is markedly under-scaled. Russia completely bans opioid agonist therapies and does not support needle and syringe programmes—with neither available in prisons—despite the country’s high incarceration rate and having the largest burden of people with HIV who inject drugs in the region. Mathematical modelling for Ukraine suggests that high levels of incarceration in EECA countries facilitate HIV transmission among people who inject drugs, with 28–55% of all new HIV infections over the next 15 years predicted to be attributable to heightened HIV transmission risk among currently or previously incarcerated people who inject drugs. Scaling up of opioid agonist therapies within prisons and maintaining treatment after release would yield the greatest HIV transmission reduction in people who inject drugs. Additional analyses also suggest that at least 6% of all incident tuberculosis cases, and 75% of incident tuberculosis cases in people who inject drugs are due to incarceration. Interventions that reduce incarceration itself and effectively intervene with prisoners to screen, diagnose, and treat addiction and HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis are urgently needed to stem the multiple overlapping epidemics concentrated in prisons.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perfect storm: incarceration and the high-risk environment perpetuating transmission of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Incarcerated individuals are particularly affected since they are at higher risk of being infected due to tattooing, piercing and use of injecting drugs (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). The living conditions of these people outside and inside prisons contribute to the transmission of infectious diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C among prisoners of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

Pompilio

Pontes

Castro

et al. 2011

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, the number of prisoners has increased in the recent years and the control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become more complex. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and identify the genotypes of HCV in prisoners as well as the factors associated with this infectious disease. Thereby, 443 men and 243 women from prisons were interviewed and subjected to blood collection. Anti-HCV reactive samples were analyzed by RT-PCR and genotyped. The overall seroprevalence of HCV infection was 4.8% (95%CI: 3.4 to 6.8%). Furthermore, the prevalence was higher in: men, injecting drug users, tattooed persons, those who were more than 50 years old, individuals who have been arrested multiple times, people with previous history of sexually transmitted disease (STD), persons who received blood transfusions or those with HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of RNA HCV by PCR was 3.0% (95%CI: 1.7 to 4.2%). Moreover, the coinfection of HIV and HCV was 33.3%. In addition, genotype 1 was the most frequent (85%) followed by genotype 3 (15%). The screening strategy for HCV and other infectious diseases in inmates is important as it establishes an early diagnosis, opportunity for treatment and allows the breaking of the transmission chain.

show abstract

“…It is mainly associated with poor living conditions in areas with high population densities, few infrastructural services, nonexistent or inadequate sanitation, closed, dark and poorly ventilated environments, characteristics that are common to prisons in Brazil and around the world. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Associated with these environments is the profile of people deprived of freedom, who are mostly young males with low levels of education and previous history of incarceration, illicit drug use and insufficient family income, which increases their risk of developing tuberculosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living with tuberculosis in prison: the challenge to achieve cure

Santos¹,

Sá

2014

Texto contexto - enferm.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to better understand the meaning, for the person deprived of freedom, of living in prison with tuberculosis and its treatment. The research was conducted using the phenomenological method of Martin Heidegger, applied to 22 interviews realized in five prisons located in the state of Pará, Brazil. The results and its hermeneutics made possible to understand that the person deprived of freedom understands their condition and transcends their facticity and difficulties to achieve the cure of the disease, living as beings of possibilities, revealing their authentic way of facing tuberculosis and its treatment in prison. DESCRIPTORS:Tuberculosis. Therapeutics. Prisons. Nursing. Philosophy. VIVER COM TUBERCULOSE EM PRISÕES: O DESAFIO DE CURAR-SERESUMO: Objetivou-se compreender os sentidos, para a pessoa privada de liberdade, de viver com a tuberculose e seu tratamento em prisões. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio do método fenomenológico hermenêutico de Martin Heidegger, com realização de 22 entrevistas em cinco prisões localizadas no Estado do Pará. Por meio dos resultados e sua hermenêutica compreendeu-se que a pessoa privada de liberdade entende sua condição e transcende suas facticidades e dificuldades para o alcance da cura da doença, movendo-se como ser de possibilidades e desvelando o seu modo autêntico de viver diante da tuberculose e de seu tratamento em prisões. DESCRITORES:Tuberculose. Terapêutica. Prisões. Enfermagem. Filosofia. VIVIR CON TUBERCULOSIS EN LAS PRISIONES: EL DESAFÍO DEALCANZAR LA CURA RESUMEN: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el significado de vivir con la tuberculosis y su tratamiento en las prisiones. La investigación fue realizada mediante el método fenomenológico hermenéutico de Martin Heidegger. Fueron testigos 22 presos en cinco prisiones ubicadas en el Estado de Para, Brasil. Mediante la hermenéutica se entiende que la persona privada de libertad comprende su condición y trasciende sus facticidades y las dificultades para lograr la cura de la enfermedad, moviéndose como un ser de posibilidades y revelando su auténtica forma de vivir diante de la tuberculosis y su tratamiento en las prisiones.

show abstract

Prisons as Social Determinants of Hepatitis C Virus and Tuberculosis Infections

Cited by 49 publications

References 72 publications

The perfect storm: incarceration and the high-risk environment perpetuating transmission of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

The perfect storm: incarceration and the high-risk environment perpetuating transmission of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Prevalence and epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C among prisoners of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

Living with tuberculosis in prison: the challenge to achieve cure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About