Principles of Glacier Mechanics

Hooke, Roger LeB.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511614231

Cited by 286 publications

(330 citation statements)

References 308 publications

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“…If the glacier is in a steady state, there would be no surface changes, since accumulation and ablation compensate for the submergence and emergence velocities, so that the surface profile remains unchanged (Hooke, 2005). In this case b = w e ; however, most glaciers are not perfectly in steady state.…”

Section: Surface Elevation Changes and Geodetic Mass Balance Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The emergence velocity represents the vertical flow of ice relative to the glacier surface and allows the estimation of the net balance if it is assumed that density does not change with depth during the period (Hooke, 2005). By subtracting the emergence velocity of the measured specific balance (stake height difference), the surface elevation change with time at a fixed position can be obtained.…”

Section: Surface Elevation Changes and Geodetic Mass Balance Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent ice dynamic and surface mass balance of Union Glacier in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

et al. 2014

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Abstract.Here we present the results of a comprehensive glaciological investigation of Union Glacier (79°46 S/83°24 W) in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), a major outlet glacier within the Ellsworth Mountains. Union Glacier flows into the Ronne Ice Shelf, where recent models have indicated the potential for significant grounding line zone (GLZ) migrations in response to changing climate and ocean conditions. To elaborate a glaciological base line that can help to evaluate the potential impact of this GLZ change scenario, we installed an array of stakes on Union Glacier in 2007. The stake network has been surveyed repeatedly for elevation, velocity, and net surface mass balance. The region of the stake measurements is in near-equilibrium, and ice speeds are 10 to 33 m a −1 . Ground-penetrating radars (GPR) have been used to map the subglacial topography, internal structure, and crevasse frequency and depth along surveyed tracks in the stake site area. The bedrock in this area has a minimum elevation of −858 m a.s.l., significantly deeper than shown by BEDMAP2 data. However, between this deeper area and the local GLZ, there is a threshold where the subglacial topography shows a maximum altitude of 190 m. This subglacial condition implies that an upstream migration of the GLZ will not have strong effects on Union Glacier until it passes beyond this shallow ice pinning point.

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Section: Surface Elevation Changes and Geodetic Mass Balance Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Surface Elevation Changes and Geodetic Mass Balance Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent ice dynamic and surface mass balance of Union Glacier in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

et al. 2014

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“…The glacial surface is annually covered by fresh snow whose melting during summer months exposes the ice below. As summer progresses, the ablation zone expands as the 'snow line' advances up the glacier (Hooke 2005;Anesio and Laybourn-Parry 2012;Edwards et al 2014). The gradually exposed ice is subjected to wind, solar radiation, and aeolian inputs of mineral and organic materials, resulting in its melting; the water produced circulates over and in the ice structure (Hodson et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community changes along the Ecology Glacier ablation zone (King George Island, Antarctica)

et al. 2015

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“…When K tot is greater than the fracture toughness of ice, the crack will propagate. For simplicity we use a single value for the fracture toughness of ice, 0.1 MPa [Hooke, 2005], which strictly speaking is a function of temperature. However, we feel this is a reasonable approximation, as the fracture toughness within the bulk of the ice sheet will not greatly vary.…”

Section: Model For Water-filled Fracture Geometry 321 Numerical Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental studies of melting and crystallization processes in planetary interiors

Krawczynski¹

2011

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Melting and crystallization processes on the Earth and Moon are explored in this thesis, and the topics of melt generation, transport, and crystallization are discussed in three distinct geologic environments: the Moon's mantle, the Greenland ice sheet, and the Earth's crust. Experiments have been conducted to determine the conditions of origin for two high-titanium magmas from the Moon. The lunar experiments (Chapter 2) were designed to explore the effects of variable oxygen fugacity (f O 2 ) on the high pressure and high temperature crystallization of olivine and orthopyroxene in high-Ti magmas. The results of these experiments showed that the source regions for the high-Ti lunar magmas are distributed both laterally and vertically within the lunar mantle, and that it is critical to estimate the pre-eruptive oxygen fugacity in order to determine true depth of origin for these magmas within the lunar mantle. Chapter 3 models the behavior of water flow through the Greenland ice sheet driven by hydrofracture of water through ice. The results show that melt water in the ablation zone of Greenland has almost immediate access to the base of the ice sheet in areas with up two kilometers of ice. Chapter 4 is an experimental study of two hydrous high-silica mantle melts from the Mt. Shasta, CA region. Crystallization is simulated at H 2 O saturated conditions at all crustal depths, and a new geobarometerhygrometer based on amphibole magnesium number is calibrated. In Chapter 5 I use the new barometer to study a suite of mafic enclaves from the Mt. Shasta region, and apply it to amphiboles in these enclaves. Evidence for pre-eruptive H 2 O contents of up to 14 wt% is presented, and bulk chemical analyses of the inclusions are used to show that extensive magma mixing has occurred at all crustal depths up to 35 km beneath Mt. Shasta. Tim Grove. I can never repay all the knowledge, time, trust, friendship, and guidance that you have freely given to me. You are more than an advisor; you made me feel like family. Your endless energy and passion for petrology has rubbed off on me, and has reinforced my desire to pursue the origins of igneous rocks. The time we spent in the field is the most fun I have ever had, and has taught me that geology necessarily happens in the field as well as the lab. Those experiences will shape the future of my geologic career. In the lab you trusted me to make my own scientific decisions, and then patiently helped me fix all the equipment I broke and set me straight on some of the wacky decisions I made! You read all of the early drafts of this thesis, practiced all my talks over and over with me, and at times I know it was painful, but you shaped me into a scientist. I am truly honored that my thesis will always sit right above your desk, with all of your great students. I hope that someday I will live up to your expectations of me and I promise to pass on the dedication and care to my own students that you have showed me. In the future, stop by for a visit in my thermodynamics/petrology/...

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Principles of Glacier Mechanics

Cited by 286 publications

References 308 publications

Recent ice dynamic and surface mass balance of Union Glacier in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Recent ice dynamic and surface mass balance of Union Glacier in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Microbial community changes along the Ecology Glacier ablation zone (King George Island, Antarctica)

Experimental studies of melting and crystallization processes in planetary interiors

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