Primitive hypoglossal artery: demonstration with digital subtraction-, MR- and CT angiography

Oelerich, M.; Schuierer, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/s003300050322

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The prevalence of a persistent HA is 8 to 10 times less than the persistent TA with a reported prevalence of 0.02% to 0.10% ( Figure 5A ). 76 It arises from the cervical ICA at the C1 to C3 level and connects to the BA via the hypoglossal canal (i.e., the anterior condyloid foramen). The HA can be associated with absence of one or both VA, and occasionally of one or two PCOMM.…”

Section: Developmental Variants Of the Cerebral Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Functional Perspective on the Embryology and Anatomy of the Cerebral Blood Supply

2015

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The anatomy of the arterial system supplying blood to the brain can influence the development of arterial disease such as aneurysms, dolichoectasia and atherosclerosis. As the arteries supplying blood to the brain develop during embryogenesis, variation in their anatomy may occur and this variation may influence the development of arterial disease. Angiogenesis, which occurs mainly by sprouting of parent arteries, is the first stage at which variations can occur. At day 24 of embryological life, the internal carotid artery is the first artery to form and it provides all the blood required by the primitive brain. As the occipital region, brain stem and cerebellum enlarge; the internal carotid supply becomes insufficient, triggering the development of the posterior circulation. At this stage, the posterior circulation consists of a primitive mesh of arterial networks that originate from projection of penetrators from the distal carotid artery and more proximally from carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses. These anastomoses regress when the basilar artery and the vertebral arteries become independent from the internal carotid artery, but their persistence is not uncommon in adults (e.g., persistent trigeminal artery). Other common remnants of embryological development include fenestration or duplication (most commonly of the basilar artery), hypoplasia (typically of the posterior communicating artery) or agenesis (typically of the anterior communicating artery). Learning more about the hemodynamic consequence that these variants may have on the brain territories they supply may help understand better the underlying physiopathology of cerebral arterial remodeling and stroke in patients with these variants.

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Section: Developmental Variants Of the Cerebral Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Functional Perspective on the Embryology and Anatomy of the Cerebral Blood Supply

2015

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“…These are acceptable diagnostic alternatives especially in incidentally detected cases. [6] 3D-CT angiography and MRA may not detect multiple small unruptured aneurysms and aneurysms such as PCOM segment aneurysms. [6] DSA remains the gold standard in the event of SAH, to localize the aneurysm and qualify the flow through abnormal posterior circulation and circle of Willis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery associated with lower basilar artery aneurysm: Diagnosis and clinical implications

et al. 2009

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“…PHA is a rare anomaly and estimated incidence is approximately 0.02-0.1%, (4) following persistent trigeminal artery (with frequency of ~1-2 %). (5) The persistent hypoglossal artery usually originates from the internal carotid artery at the levels of the C1 through C3 vertebral bodies, courses through the hypoglossal canal, and anastomoses with the basilar artery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Angiography in Persistent Hypoglossal Artery With Absent Bilateral Vertebral Arteries : A Rare Anomaly

Nagaraju¹,

Bhimarao²

2015

jebmh

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Persistent hypoglossal artery (PHA) which is a persistent carotid-basilar anastomosis is a rare vascular anomaly. It is usually found incidentally. We present a case of persistent left hypoglossal artery associated with absent bilateral vertebral arteries in a 62 year male patient presenting with vertigo and giddiness for 1 month. This finding was only incidental. There were no associated findings in this patient.

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Primitive hypoglossal artery: demonstration with digital subtraction-, MR- and CT angiography

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

A Functional Perspective on the Embryology and Anatomy of the Cerebral Blood Supply

A Functional Perspective on the Embryology and Anatomy of the Cerebral Blood Supply

Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery associated with lower basilar artery aneurysm: Diagnosis and clinical implications

MR Angiography in Persistent Hypoglossal Artery With Absent Bilateral Vertebral Arteries : A Rare Anomaly

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