Primate-Specific Long Non-Coding RNAs and MicroRNAs

Abstract

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression in essentially all life forms. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are two important RNA classes possessing regulatory functions. Up to date, many primate-specific ncRNAs have been identified and investigated. Their expression specificity to primate lineage suggests primate-specific roles. It is thus critical to elucidate the biological significance of primate or even human-specific ncRNAs, and to develop potential ncRNA-based therapeutics. Here, we have summarized the studies regarding regulatory roles of some key primate-specific lncRNAs and miRNAs.

Long noncoding RNA LINC00460 promotes carcinogenesis via sponging miR‐613 in papillary thyroid carcinoma

“…It has been shown the binding of miRNAs to lncRNAs could decrease miRNA levels, which results in increasing in the expression of miRNA target genes (Awan, Shah, Rashid, & Shan, ; L. J. Li, Leng, Fan, Pan, & Ye, ). SphK2 has been proven to be a target of miR‐613 in PTC (Qiu et al, ).…”

“…Results demonstrated that inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion induced by LINC00460 knockdown were partially reversed by inhibition of miR-613 in the meantime. These findings indicated that the oncogene LINC00460 promoted PTC progression by negatively regulating miR-613.It has been shown the binding of miRNAs to lncRNAs could decrease miRNA levels, which results in increasing in the expression of miRNA target genes(Awan, Shah, Rashid, & Shan, 2017;L. J. Li, Leng, Fan, Pan, & Ye, 2017).…”

LncRNA LOXL1‐AS1 facilitates the tumorigenesis and stemness of gastric carcinoma via regulation of miR‐708‐5p/USF1 pathway

“…11 Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are a novel class of ncRNAs and generally longer than 200 nucleotides. 12 Surging evidence has illuminated that lncRNAs are participated in the development of numerous cancers through epigenetic modification, transcriptional or post-transcriptional modulation and mRNA processing. 13 LncRNA LOXL1 antisense RNA 1 (LOXL1-AS1) located on human chromosome 15q24.1 is consisted of 10 781 nucleotides and five exons.…”

The effects of placental long noncoding RNA H19 polymorphisms and promoter methylation on H19 expression in association with preeclampsia susceptibility

“…The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed RNA molecules with a length more than 200 nucleotides. They lack open reading frames which have key regulatory effects in both transcription and post‐transcription . It is well known that lncRNAs play different roles in many important biological processes, including regulation of transcriptional and posttranscriptional process, epigenetic control, differentiation and development, cell cycle control, apoptosis, and metabolic processes .…”

“…They lack open reading frames which have key regulatory effects in both transcription and post-transcription. 13,14 It is well known that lncRNAs play different roles in many important biological processes, including regulation of transcriptional and posttranscriptional process, epigenetic control, differentiation and development, cell cycle control, apoptosis, and metabolic processes. 15 Regarding gene expression control, lncRNAs have been proposed, as recruiting epigenetic modifiers at a particular genomic locus.…”