Primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) in a cat; a case report and review of comparative aspects

Eger, C. E.; Robinson, Wayne F.; Huxtable, C. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1983.tb00370.x

Cited by 48 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As in the first reported case (8), this case report illustrates that with appropriate diagnostic procedures the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism can be made in cats. It is likely that with early recognition and less malignant disease resection can lead to definite cure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…After 10 weeks of therapy the cat was euthanatized. Post-mortem examination revealed an adrenocortical carcinoma with pulmonary and hepatic metastases (8 That night the cat had another attack of muscular weakness, lying in lateral recumbency. Fortunately, it was still able to eat, and the owner could administer potassium gluconate (16 mmol in 12 hours).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrinology: Hyperaldosteronism in a cat with metastasised adrenocortical tumour

Rijnberk

Voorhout

Kooistra³

et al. 2001

Veterinary Quarterly

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Laboratory examination revealed hypohalaemia (1.6 mmol/1; reference range 3.4-5.7 mmo1/1) and echocardiographic findings seemed to be compatible with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Potassium suppletion, first intravenously and then orally, and treatment with the (13-blocking agent atenolol (Tenormin®, Zeneca;6.25 mg once daily) and acetylsalicylic acid (40 mg twice daily) resulted in good recovery. On 29 June, 3 weeks after stopping potassium suppletion and atenolol, the cat was presented to the owner's veterinarian for weakness in the hind legs. The cat was not lethargic and was eating and drinking normally. The history of cardiomyopathy raised the possibility of complicating thromboembolism. A saddle thrombus at the distal aortic trifurcation was considered unlikely because the femoral pulses were easily palpated and the footpads of the hind legs were warm and pink. The previous treatment was resumed but the dose of acetylsalicylic acid was lowered to twice weekly 25 mg. The cat did well on this regimen but the plasma concentrations of potassium remained low. When potassium gluconate (Tumil Ke, Aesculaap by, Boxtel, NL) was given orally in a dose of 2 mmol four times daily, the plasma potassium concentration remained s 2.2 mmo1/1. On 1 September the cat collapsed again, even though the potassium supplementation had been increased to 2 mmol six times daily for 2 weeks. In addition to muscular weakness, there was mydriasis, restlessness, and panting. Potassium concentrations in plasma ranged from 1.9 to 2.1 mmo1/1. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (once daily 1 mg enalapril, Enalfor®, Mycofarm) was added to the treatment. The cat recovered but the plasma potassium concentration remained at the same low level. Hyperadrenocorticism was excluded as the cause of the muscular weakness by the finding that the basal urinary corticoid/creatinine ratio (average on two consecutive days: 24 x 10-6) was below the upper limit of the reference range (37 x 10-6) (11) and the urinary corticoid/creatinine ratio was readily suppressed (to 3.0 x 10-6 ) following three oral doses of 0.5 mg dexamethasone. A possible relation to hyperthyroidism (21) was excluded by the finding of a normal plasma thyroxine concentration (29 nmi51/1).Between the episodes of muscular weakness the cat's condition and behaviour were unremarkable but in search of an explanation for the persistent hypokalaemia the cat was referred to the Utrecht University Clinic for Companion Animals in September 1998. HYPERALDOSTERONISM IN A CAT WITH METASTASISED ADRENOCORTICAL TUMOURA.Rijnberk1,6, G. Voorhout2, H.S. Kooistra1, R.J.M. van der Waarden3, F.J. van Sluijs1, J. Uzer4, P. Boer5, and W.H. Boer5 Vet Quart 2001; 23: 38-43 Accepted for publication: January 10, 2000. SUMMARYIn a 12-year-old male shorthaired cat with attacks of hypokalaemic muscular weakness in spite of oral potassium supplementation, highly elevated plasma aldosterone concentrations in combination with low plasma renin activity pointed to primary hyperaldosteronism. Ultrasonography and ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinology: Hyperaldosteronism in a cat with metastasised adrenocortical tumour

Rijnberk

Voorhout

Kooistra³

et al. 2001

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…Weakness, of sudden or insidious onset, is the most common clinical manifestation, followed by cervical ventroflexion related to hypokalemic polymyopathy, that occurs most commonly with potassium concentrations close to 2.5mmol/L -1 (EGER et al, 1983;MACKAY et al, 1999;ASH et al, 2005;REIMER et al, 2005).…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the potential to precipitate or worsen an existing chronic renal injury, the cats may also present isosthenuria and increased serum creatinine and the concentrations of nitrogen compounds (EGER et al, 1983;ASH, 2005). Furthermore, proteinuria is a common finding due to both the direct action of aldosterone hypersecretion and hypertension (JAVADI et al, 2005).…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline primary hyperaldosteronism: an emerging endocrine disease

Bento

Zahn

Duarte³

et al. 2016

Cienc. Rural

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“…15,23 In contrast, in cats, suspicion of PHA arises with identification of hypokalemia, hypertension, and elevated plasma aldosterone concentration; diagnosis ultimately relies on identification of a discrete tumor within the adrenal glands. 1,2,4,[7][8][9]14,17,[19][20][21] However, in the absence of a discrete tumor, such as in cats with adrenocortical nodular hyperplasia, minimal or no adrenal gland changes may be detected via ultrasound. 10 In fact, in humans, following a diagnosis of PHA, further testing such as a computed tomography scan and adrenal vein blood sampling is conducted to differentiate between unilateral and bilateral hyperplasia, adenoma or adenocarcinoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum aldosterone and cortisol concentrations before and after suppression with fludrocortisone in cats

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Primary hyperaldosteronism is an increasingly recognized syndrome in cats, and diagnosis can be difficult. A potential diagnostic method has been reported, utilizing oral fludrocortisone administered twice daily for 4 days followed by collection of urine. In the current study, we sought to determine if blood sampling and a shorter dosing period would provide a possible means to test for primary hyperaldosteronism. Also, cortisol concentrations were measured to assess the potential of fludrocortisone to act as a glucocorticoid in cats. In phase I, 8 healthy laboratory cats were studied in a placebo-controlled, crossover design. Serum aldosterone and cortisol concentrations were measured before and on the second, third, and fourth day of treatment and compared within groups. In phase II, based on the results obtained in phase I, 8 healthy client-owned cats were administered 3 doses of fludrocortisone or placebo. Serum aldosterone and cortisol concentrations were compared before and after treatment within groups. In both phases, serum aldosterone and cortisol concentrations were significantly suppressed in fludrocortisone-treated cats. Thus, it was determined that oral administration of fludrocortisone causes suppression of serum aldosterone in healthy adult cats after only 3 doses. Further research is needed to determine the effects of oral fludrocortisone in cats with primary hyperaldosteronism and cats with other disorders causing hypertension and/or hypokalemia to determine if this protocol can be used as a tool for the definitive diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism.

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Primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) in a cat; a case report and review of comparative aspects

Cited by 48 publications

References 22 publications

Endocrinology: Hyperaldosteronism in a cat with metastasised adrenocortical tumour

Endocrinology: Hyperaldosteronism in a cat with metastasised adrenocortical tumour

Feline primary hyperaldosteronism: an emerging endocrine disease

Serum aldosterone and cortisol concentrations before and after suppression with fludrocortisone in cats

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