Prickly pear cladodes and fruits as a potential raw material for the bioindustries

Hamdi, Moktar

doi:10.1007/s004490050402

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…[5,[7][8][9] The utilization of the cactus pear has been focused around the edible part of the plant (cladodes and fruit pulp). The fruit is rich in amino acids, sugars, vitamins and minerals while both the fruit and cladodes have antioxidant properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of methods to utilize these by-products of seeds are important. [7,14,19,20,21] Seed oil of cactus pear are exceptionally valuable because of its high content in the parent of the omega-6 essential fatty acid family (linoleic acid), vitamin E (1000 mg kg À1 ), and sterols (10 g kg À1 ). [17] Previous research has shown distinct characteristics of these oils, such as a high level of unsaturation (82%), consisting of the principal linoleic (65.43%), and oleic (15.04%) acids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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South African Cactus Pear Seed Oil: A Comprehensive Study on 42 Spineless Burbank Opuntia ficus‐indica and Opuntia robusta Cultivars

Wit

Hugo

Shongwe

2017

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Cactus pear fruit seeds contain oil that can be utilized for human consumption. Forty‐two South African cultivars are evaluated over two seasons for seed oil content and fatty acid composition in an attempt to ascertain the best oil yielding cultivar. Seed oil content varied among cultivars and seasons and the yield ranged between 4.09 and 8.76% of seed mass. The unsaturated fatty acids are the most prominent and were dominated by linoleic acid, which varied between 56.86 and 65.21%, followed by oleic acid (16.44 and 22.51%), while the saturated fatty acids palmitic and stearic acid content ranged from 12.72 to 16.05% and from 2.21 to 3.39%, respectively. Cultivar and variation in rainfall have a statistically significant effect on cactus pear seed oil content and fatty acid composition. Principal Component Analysis show that certain cultivars are exclusively associated with specific characteristics. This is the most comprehensive study of the seed oil characteristics of the available cultivars in South Africa ever to be performed. The American Giant cultivar have the highest seed oil yield. Practical Applications: In a semi‐arid country such as South Africa, the value of by‐products and waste products from a drought resistant plant such as cactus pear should be emphasized. Cactus pear seed oil is a novel and expensive essential oil. The emergence of many small‐holding farms and small‐scale processing facilities necessitated a comprehensive investigation into the oil composition of all the available cactus pear cultivars. Essential knowledge regarding cultivar choice in terms of oil‐production and specific fatty acid composition, as well as seasonal effects thereon, is generated with this research. This research indicats that the American Giant (Opuntia ficus‐indica) cultivar have the highest oil yield wheras the Roly Poly cultivar have the highest linoleic acid content. This data will enable processors to make recommendations to producers to use cultivars with optimum yield and oil quality as production target. Cactus pear fruit seeds contain oil that can be utilized for human consumption. Forty‐two South African cultivars are evaluated over two seasons for seed oil content and fatty acid composition in an attempt to ascertain the best oil yielding cultivar.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

South African Cactus Pear Seed Oil: A Comprehensive Study on 42 Spineless Burbank Opuntia ficus‐indica and Opuntia robusta Cultivars

Wit

Hugo

Shongwe

2017

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…The cladodes, also known as cactus pads, of the spineless cultivars can be used as livestock feed, but because of their low crude protein content of about 40 g kg −1 they should be regarded as a cheap energy source rather than as a balanced fodder crop . For instance, a ration for non‐reproductive sheep should contain at least 70 g crude protein kg −1 ; this necessitates the supplementation of cactus cladodes with some form of crude protein for use as a balanced animal feed . Because of the high annual productivity of 10–40 tonnes (dry weight) of cladode biomass per hectare, the cladodes have potential as a lignocellulosic feedstock to produce a protein‐enriched biomass product for use as an animal feed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein enrichment of an Opuntia ficus‐indica cladode hydrolysate by cultivation of Candida utilis and Kluyveromyces marxianus

Akanni

Preez

Steyn

et al. 2014

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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BACKGROUNDThe cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear cactus) have a low protein content; for use as a balanced feed, supplementation with other protein sources is therefore desirable. We investigated protein enrichment by cultivation of the yeasts Candida utilis and Kluyveromyces marxianus in an enzymatic hydrolysate of the cladode biomass.RESULTSDilute acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of sun-dried cladodes resulted in a hydrolysate containing (per litre) 45.5 g glucose, 6.3 g xylose, 9.1 g galactose, 10.8 g arabinose and 9.6 g fructose. Even though K. marxianus had a much higher growth rate and utilized l-arabinose and d-galactose more completely than C. utilis, its biomass yield coefficient was lower due to ethanol and ethyl acetate production despite aerobic cultivation. Yeast cultivation more than doubled the protein content of the hydrolysate, with an essential amino acid profile superior to sorghum and millet grains.CONCLUSIONSThis K. marxianus strain was weakly Crabtree positive. Despite its low biomass yield, its performance compared well with C. utilis. This is the first report showing that the protein content and quality of O. ficus-indica cladode biomass could substantially be improved by yeast cultivation, including a comparative evaluation of C. utilis and K. marxianus. © 2014 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…The nutritional value of nopalitos is considered to be intermediate between that of lettuce and spinach [1]. In addition, nopalitos are used to prevent scurvy and to alleviate diabetes [2]. Also, nopalitos are high in dietary fibre (18-82% dry matter basis; db); they show intermediate levels of b-carotene (provitamin A; 260 lg/100 g db) and contain calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and sodium [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and biochemical changes in prickly pears with different ripening behaviour

Silos-Espino

Fabian-Morales

Osuna-Castro

et al. 2003

Nahrung

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Chemical and biochemical changes were studied in ripening prickly pears from three Opuntia morphospecies with different ripening behaviour: Naranjona (O. ficus-indica), Blanca Cristalina (Opuntia sp.), and Charola (O. streptacantha), of early, intermediate, and late ripening, respectively. At fullyripe stage (commercial maturity), Blanca Cristalina showed the biggest fruits, the hardest texture, and its pulp had the highest protein content. There were no significant differences among morphospecies in pH or total soluble solids in fully ripe fruits. The three species exhibited considerable levels of vitamin C, dietary fibre, and minerals such as calcium, iron, and zinc. Protein expression was analysed in pulp and skin from every species at physiological and commercial maturity. Some proteins appeared at both stages, while many others expressed differentially. This study evaluated prickly pear components important for human nutrition and health, and provided basic information on pricky pear ripening, with a view to its control and to improving shelf life.

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Prickly pear cladodes and fruits as a potential raw material for the bioindustries

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

South African Cactus Pear Seed Oil: A Comprehensive Study on 42 Spineless Burbank Opuntia ficus‐indica and Opuntia robusta Cultivars

South African Cactus Pear Seed Oil: A Comprehensive Study on 42 Spineless Burbank Opuntia ficus‐indica and Opuntia robusta Cultivars

Protein enrichment of an Opuntia ficus‐indica cladode hydrolysate by cultivation of Candida utilis and Kluyveromyces marxianus

Chemical and biochemical changes in prickly pears with different ripening behaviour

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