Price-Earnings Multiple as an Investment Assessment Tool in Analyzing Stock Market Performance of Selected Universal Banks in the Philippines

Abstract

Price-Earning Ratio or P/E Multiple is a widely used, straightforward investment assessment tool in developed countries. However, the method has not been utilized as much in stock market performance analysis in developing countries such as the Philippines. Using the top ten universal banks in the country, this paper utilized Price-Earnings Ratio [PER] as valuation tool and dependent variable, and sought to determine its value drivers. Used as independent variables are macroeconomic variables gross domestic product [GDP] growth rate, inflation rate, annual interest rate; stock market index Philippine Stock Exchange [PSEi]; and firm-specific variables return on equity [ROE], growth rate of ROE, growth rate of earnings per share, dividend payout ratio [DPO, growth rate of income, and pricebook value [PBV] ratio. Results showed that among the independent variables, ROE, PBV ratio, and PSE index are statistically significant. The model's (R2) is 63.7%, which is a fairly good fit.. Peer-reviewed Academic Journal published by SSBFNET with respect to copyright holders.Page18 to changing value of enterprise; Chief Executive Officers [CEOs] experiences in terms of staff motivation, employees competence, the strategy applied, the company management structure, size and quality of assets held and used. This makes valuation a highly complex endeavor.Universal banks play vital roles in economic development because aside from deposit and lending services rendered, other financial services make it possible for businesses and industries to grow. These banks have the components of retail, wholesale, and investment banking that makes transactions more convenient under one roof even if such banks are not necessarily compelled to do so. According to Schildbach (2012), universal banks are recognized to be significantly contributing to a country's financial stability for the following reasons: a) ability to maintain resiliency because of diversified sources of revenues, assets, and liabilities; b) ability to achieve higher profitability due to revenue and cost synergies; c) has greater transparency that helps lower counterparty risks; d) can early detect accumulating systemic risks; and e) can better deal with mismatches in loan-deposits. In effect, investors' trust and confidence in universal banks are higher, compared to typical investment banks. In the Philippines, commercial banks are classified as universal banks, and occupy a huge portion (about 90%) of the country's banking system's resources (International Trade Administration, 2017).

Pengaruh Indikator Fundamental Dan Makroekonomi Terhadap Harga Saham Yang Tergabung Dalam Issi

“…Price Earning Ratio (PER) menjadi salah satu indikator penting yang senantiasa dilihat calon investor sebelum mengambil keputusan investasi (Dayag & Trinidad, 2019). Hal ini dikarenakan PER menunjukkan besarnya nilai yang harus dibayarkan untuk memperoleh laba (earnings) (Gunawan & Budileksmana, 2016).…”

A Critical Assessment of the Relationship between P/E Ratio, RONW and ROCE: A study of FMCG, IT and Banking Sectors

“…The study reveals that there is no significant relationship between financial performance metrics and the market price of the share. Dayag and Trinidad (2019) identify the importance of the P/E ratio in analysing the stock performance of the Philippines' top 10 banks. The study was conducted to show the relationship between the P/E ratio and macro-economic factors such as inflation rate, interest rate, GDP rate, stock market indices and firm-level performance indicators like ROE, D/P ratio, P/B ratio, EPS.…”

A Hybrid MCDM Approach Using the BWM and the TOPSIS for a Financial Performance-Based Evaluation of Saudi Stocks

“…Dayag and Trinidad [76] explored the use of price-earnings (P/E) ratios to assess the investment potential of universal banks in the Philippines. The study analyzed the P/E ratios of 10 leading banks and their relationships to overall stock market performance, focusing on the ROE, the price-book value (PBV) ratio, and the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) index as significant variables.…”