Prevalência De Sobrepeso E Obesidade De Crianças E Adolescentes No Brasil: Uma Revisão Sistemática

Abstract

HOBOLD, E.; ARRUDA, M. de. Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade de crianças e adolescentes no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática. Arq. Cienc. Saúde UNIPAR, Umuarama, v. 18, n. 3, p, 189-197, set/dez. 2014. RESUMO:O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar as pesquisas de prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Foi realizado a busca eletrônica de artigos nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, MedLine e LILACS e na Biblioteca Eletrônica Bireme. Para efeito deste estudo, foram selecionadas as publicações de 2003 a 2013. Foram analisados 59 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos pelos autores. A maioria dos estudos foram desenvolvidos nas regiões Sul e Sudeste (71,2%), com uma amostragem bem diversificada que variou de 328 a 79,6795 sujeitos. O Índice de Massa Corporal -IMC foi o protocolo mais utilizado (93,2%) e o critério de classificação de sobrepeso/obesidade sugerido pela International Obesity Task Force -IOTF foi amplamente utilizado nos estudos (52,5%). A prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade oscilou de 7,4% a 36,5%, com mais de 70% dos estudos com prevalência de sobrepeso/ obesidade superior a 20%, sendo mais elevada nos rapazes. Apesar das diferenças metodológicas, a maioria dos estudos com crianças e adolescentes brasileiros apresentou valores bastante elevados de prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade sugerindo um constante crescimento deste problema em nosso país. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Sobrepeso; Obesidade; Crianças; Adolescentes; Revisão Sistemática. PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN BRAZIL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEWABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to review the research into the prevalence of overweight/obesity among Brazilian children and adolescents. An electronic search was conducted for articles in the Scielo, PubMed, MedLine and LILACS and Bireme Electronic Library databases. For this study, publications from 2003 to 2013 were selected. A total of 59 studies that met the inclusion criteria set by the authors were analyzed. Most of the studies were performed in the South and Southeast (71.2%) regions, with a well diversified sampling ranging from 328 to 79,795 subjects. The Body Mass Index -BMI was the most frequently used protocol (93.2%) and the criterion for overweight/obesity classification suggested by the International Obesity Task Force -IOTF was widely used in the studies (52.5%). The overweight/obesity prevalence ranged from 7.4% to 36.5%, with more than 70% of studies with overweight/obesity prevalence greater than 20%, being higher in boys. Despite the methodological differences, most studies on Brazilian children and adolescents presented very high values of overweight/ obesity prevalence, suggesting constant growth of this issue in our country.

Prevalence of weight excess in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review

“…However, the highest proportion of obese individuals were found in southeastern region (18.2%), being followed by southern (12.1%), Midwest (11%), northern (7.8%), and northeastern (9%). Comparing previously published studies that analyzed prevalence of overall weight excess, overweight and obesity in Brazilian youth [7][8][9] , we could observe a massive increase of obesity in Brazilian children and adolescents of about 150% (e.g., from 4.8% to 11.6%) during the last 28 years. Overweight presented an increase of 11% (e.g., from 15.2% to 17%) while overall weight excess increased 60% (from 16% to 25.4%) ( Figure 3).…”

“…However, evidence about nutritional status of Brazilian children and adolescents are not properly updatep [7][8][9] . The management of an updated national monitoring panel about children and adolescents nutritional status is seem as essential to organize future prevention and treatment plans aiming to tackle obesity 10,11 .…”

Programa de Enfermagem Saúde na Escola: prevenção e controle de sobrepeso/obesidade em adolescentes,

“…It is estimated that the global prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents is over 20% (1) . Brazil follows this trend, and the prevalence ranges from 7.4% to 36.5% in the different states with an average of over 20% (2) . At the local level, a study conducted in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, in 2013, identified a prevalence of 28.8% of overweight or obese adolescents among students of the state education network, as well as an absence of nursing care directed to this clientele in participating Health Units (3) .…”

“…We can highlight that adolescents with obesity are more likely to present psychological disorders, especially depression and anxiety (12) . In Brazil, obesity is the most relevant nutritional deviation in the population; between 2003 and 2012, it was present in more than 20% of adolescents (2) .…”

Prevalência De Excesso De Peso E Fatores Demográficos E Econômicos Associados Em Adolescentes De Manaus, a Maior Cidade Do Norte Do Brasil

“…Em 2007, em revisão sistemática realizada por Araújo et al 7 , observou-se um número expressivo de estudos epidemiológicos com foco no excesso de peso em adolescentes no Brasil, cuja prevalência oscilou de 4% a 31%. Em 2014, Hobold e Arruda 8 sustentaram os achados de Araújo et al 7 ; no entanto, a prevalência de excesso de peso encontrada variou de 7,4% a 36,5%. Curiosamente, em ambas as revisões, houve uma maior concentração de dados das regiões Sul e Sudeste, e poucos estudos com dados das regiões Nordeste e Centro-Oeste foram rastreados 7,8 .…”