Prevalence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis increases significantly with level of urbanisation and suggests targeted screening approaches: results from the first national population based study in the Netherlands

Bergen, Jan van; Götz, Hannelore M; Richardus, Jan Hendrik; Hoebe, Christian J. P. A.; Broer, Jan; Coenen, Ad

doi:10.1136/sti.2004.010173

Cited by 139 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Our estimates of chlamydia prevalence were broadly comparable with those reported in other population-based studies showing prevalence rates ranging from 4.1% to 5.2% 1520–24. In a population-based study from the Netherlands, CT prevalence was 2.0% 25. Most of the 11.3% of the Barbados population infected with CT urogenital infection were asymptomatic 26.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Sexually transmitted infections in Pakistan

Maan

Hussain

Iqbal

et al. 2011

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major global health problem leading to morbidity, mortality and stigma. Prior to this study there was no information on the prevalence and knowledge of STIs in Faisalabad, Pakistan.DESIGN AND SETTING:Prospective, cross-sectional study in patients attending STI clinics from July 2006 to September 2009.PATIENTS AND METHODS:After obtaining consent, patients completed structured questionnaires used for behavioral surveys. Blood and urethral swabs were collected and tested for syphilis, gonococcus, genital herpes, chlamydia and chancroid.RESULT:Mean (standard deviation) age of the 1532 participants was 38.9 (9.4) years, including 37.8 (10.2) years for males and 35.5 (6.3) years females. Male gender (n=1276, 83.3%), low socioeconomic class (n=1026, 67.0%) and residence in rural suburbs (n=970, 63.3%) were more common. Most (n=913, 59.6%) were aware of the modes of transmission of STIs and the associated complications, 20% (n=306) were condom users, and 21.2% (n=324) had knowledge of safe sex. Opposite-sex partners were preferred by 972 (63.4%) patients, while 29.9% (n=458) had both homosexual and heterosexual sex partners. Syphilis was present in 29.5% of patients (n=452); gonorrhea, in 13% (n=200), HSV-2, in 3.2% (n=49), chlamydia, in 4.7% (n=72) and chancroid, in 1.3% (n=20).CONCLUSION:This report establishes baseline local prevalence rates for STIs. Syphilis emerged as the most prevalent STI in Faisalabad. Population-based studies are required to study the epidemiology of STIs, along with initiation of national health-education campaign.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Sexually transmitted infections in Pakistan

Maan

Hussain

Iqbal

et al. 2011

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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“…Meta-analysis of the estimated log odds of chlamydia in each practice was used, with inverse probability weights, to investigate heterogeneity in practice prevalence. Regression analyses were restricted to under-25-year-olds to facilitate direct comparisons with other studies [12][13][14][15] and with the target population of screening in England. 1,61 Survival analysis was used to estimate the cumulative proportion of individuals who consulted their general practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The uptake of a screening invitation and test kit was about 30% in women and 25% in men in Denmark, 15 and about 50% in women and 30% in men in The Netherlands. 13,63 The Dutch government has decided that there is insufficient evidence to justify a national screening programme. 65 …”

Section: Existing Chlamydia Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers in Denmark 31,62 and The Netherlands 13,63 have investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of population-based screening using population registers to invite eligible individuals to submit home-collected specimens. The uptake of a screening invitation and test kit was about 30% in women and 25% in men in Denmark, 15 and about 50% in women and 30% in men in The Netherlands.…”

Section: Existing Chlamydia Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epidemiological, social, diagnostic and economic evaluation of population screening for genital chlamydial infection

Low

McCarthy²,

Macleod³

et al. 2007

Health Technol Assess

133

179

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“…Population based studies in Europe and the USA suggest that the prevalence of chlamydia in men and women aged 15-24 years is 2-6% (Andersen et al, 2002;Fenton et al, 2001;Miller et al, 2004;van Bergen et al, 2005). The peak age group for infection is 16-19 years in women and 20-24 years in men (CDC, 2010).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of C Trachomatismentioning

confidence: 99%