Prevalence of thyroid antibodies among healthy middle-aged women

Massoudi, Mehran S.; Meilahn, Elaine N.; Orchard, Trevor J.; Foley, Thomas P.; Kuller, Lewis H.; Costantino, Joseph P.; Buhari, Alhaji M.

doi:10.1016/1047-2797(94)00110-f

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For females, it is less likely that estrogen would play a major role in thyroid autoimmunity, as the severity of autoimmune thyroid disease does not decrease with menopause and the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity does not differ by menopausal status (12). Nevertheless, it is well known that the severity of autoimmune thyroid disease usually improves during the third trimester of pregnancy (13,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between circulating estradiol and thyroid autoimmunity in males

Chailurkit¹,

Aekplakorn

Ongphiphadhanakul

2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Introduction: Although autoimmune thyroid disease is less common in males, it is unclear whether estrogen contributes to the difference in susceptibility among males. Objective: To examine whether circulating estradiol (E 2 ) is related to thyroid autoimmunity in males. Patients and methods: One-thousand two-hundred and sixty-three males aged 15-94 years were studied. Serum levels of E 2 , TSH receptor antibody (TRAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), free thyroxine (FT 4 ), and TSH were measured by ELISA. Results: Circulating E 2 varied widely in males, ranging 18.4-403.7 pmol/l with a mean value of 136.2G51.7 pmol/l. E 2 increased with age (rZ0.18, P!0.001). No relationship between E 2 and BMI was found. When comparing the difference in E 2 according to the test results of TRAb, TPOAb, and TgAb, it was found that E 2 was significantly higher in subjects with positive TRAb (TRAb positive, E 2 Z170.3G59.8 pmol/l; TRAb negative, E 2 Z134.0G50.6 pmol/l; P!0.001). No difference in E 2 was demonstrated according to the results of TPOAb or TgAb. Logistic regression analysis showed that E 2 was a determinant of positive TRAb, independent of age and BMI. There was no relationship between serum E 2 and TSH or FT 4 . However, E 2 was negatively related to TSH (rZK0.45, P!0.01) in subjects whose TSH levels fell below the reference range (0.3-4.2 mIU/l).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between circulating estradiol and thyroid autoimmunity in males

Chailurkit¹,

Aekplakorn

Ongphiphadhanakul

2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Certainly, TPOAb is more relevant than TgAb among those with elevated TSH in reports from Europe and the United States [2,16,17,18,19]. The prevalence of TgAb is higher than that of TPOAb in patients with Hashimoto's disease in reports from Japan [4,5], but not in the report from Europe [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring thyroglobulin autoantibodies by sensitive assay is important for assessing the presence of thyroid autoimmunity in areas with high iodine intake

Hamada¹,

Noh

Okamoto

et al. 2010

Endocr J

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“…In addition, they completed several questionnaires regarding their current and past medical history (e.g., macro-and microvascular complications), lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking, physical activity, nutrition, and socioeconomic status), and reproductive histories (e.g., pregnancies, infertility, and hormone use). The diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease was based on the clinical evaluation, medical history, assessment of signs and symptoms, and laboratory determinations as previously described (19,20). The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was also based on the clinical and laboratory evaluations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause in Type 1 Diabetic Women

et al. 2001

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Women with type 1 diabetes have a delayed menarche and a greater prevalence of menstrual disorders than women without diabetes. However, little is known about the menopause transition among type 1 diabetic women. The Familial Autoimmune and Diabetes (FAD) Study recruited both adult individuals who were identified from the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Type 1 Diabetes Registry for the years 1950 -1964 and their family members. Unrelated nondiabetic control probands and their relatives were also evaluated. Women with type 1 diabetes (n ‫؍‬ 143) compared with nondiabetic sisters (n ‫؍‬ 186) or unrelated control subjects (n ‫؍‬ 160) were more likely to have an older age at menarche (13.5, 12.5, and 12.6 years, respectively, P < 0.001), more menstrual irregularities before 30 years of age (45.7, 33.3, and 33.1%, respectively, P ‫؍‬ 0.04), and a younger age at menopause (41.6, 49.9, and 48.0 years, respectively, P ‫؍‬ 0.05). This resulted in a 6-year reduction in the number of reproductive years (30.0, 37.0, and 35.2 years, respectively, P ‫؍‬ 0.05) for women with type 1 diabetes. Risk factors univariately associated with earlier menopause included type 1 diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 1.99, P ‫؍‬ 0.04), menstrual irregularities before 30 years of age (HR 1.87, P ‫؍‬ 0.04), nulliparity (HR 2.14, P ‫؍‬ 0.01), and unilateral oophorectomy (HR 6.51, P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that type 1 diabetes (HR 1.98, P ‫؍‬ 0.056), menstrual irregularities by 30 years of age (HR 2.36, P ‫؍‬ 0.01), and unilateral oophorectomy (HR 9.76, P < 0.0001) were independent determinants of earlier menopause in our cohort. We hypothesize that an earlier menopause, which resulted in a 17% decrease in reproductive years, is a major unstudied complication of type 1 diabetes.

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Prevalence of thyroid antibodies among healthy middle-aged women

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

The relationship between circulating estradiol and thyroid autoimmunity in males

The relationship between circulating estradiol and thyroid autoimmunity in males

Measuring thyroglobulin autoantibodies by sensitive assay is important for assessing the presence of thyroid autoimmunity in areas with high iodine intake

Menopause in Type 1 Diabetic Women

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