Prevalence of sexual dysfunction and related factors among diabetes mellitus patients in Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus causes multiple medical, psychological and sexual problems in both men and women. Sexual dysfunction is one of those problems that lead to a strong social and psychological problem which adversely affect marital relation and treatment outcome. The issue has not been well studied in Ethiopia; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors related to sexual dysfunction in adult patients with diabetes mellitus.MethodsFacility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with diabetes mellitus on follow-up at diabetic clinics of Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital and Tepi General Hospital. A consecutive sampling technique was employed to select 423 study participants, and data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaire and patients’ medical chart review. Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-fourteen items (CSFQ-14) was used to measure sexual dysfunction. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Two tail tests at α of less 0.05 were used as a level of significance.ResultsA total of 398 diabetic patients were interviewed, with a 94% response rate. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 53.3%. Age of above 41 years (AOR: 3.98, 95% CI 2.32–6.85), lack of formal education (AOR: 3.20, 95% CI 1.60–6.39), divorced or widowed (AOR: 5.28, 95% CI 2.35–11.86), type 2 DM (AOR: 4.52, 95% CI 2.17–9.42), depression (AOR: 4.05, 95% CI 2.32–7.10), complications or co-morbidity (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI 1.18–3.58), and not doing physical activity (AOR: 1.62, 95% CI; 1.47–1.77) were significantly associated with sexual dysfunction among diabetes patients.ConclusionsThe prevalence of sexual dysfunction was as high as reports from other studies. Therefore, health care providers should include the issue of sexual health in their routine discussions with adult diabetes mellitus patients. Presence of depression, not doing physical activity and having complications or co-morbidity are modifiable factors associated with sexual dysfunction; therefore, they should be attended during care addressing sexual dysfunction.

Risk factors of erectile dysfunction among diabetes patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Of these reports, only those that described the data in terms of the odds ratio, relative risk and categorical variables were included, therefore eight cross -sectional studies were included. In the present analysis, the pooled effect of eight studies [31] , [47] , [51] , [52] , [54] , [57] , [58] , [60] showed that being over 40 years was statistically associated with ED in patients with DM (OR = 1,24; 95%CI; 1.03, 1.51). The heterogeneity test (I 2 = 90%) showed significant evidence of variation across studies.…”

“…Five of the studies included in this review were from Nigeria [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , four from Ethiopia [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , three from Ghana [32] , [55] , [56] , one each from South Africa [57] , Egypt [31] , Kenya [58] , Zimbabwe [59] , and Tanzania [60] . Concerning the sampling technique 12 of the studies [31] , [32] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [58] , [59] used consecutive sampling to select study participants. However, one study [60] did not report the sampling method.…”

“…Only one study used the Sexual Health Inventory for Men items [57] and the remaining one [51] used changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire. Concerning the type of DM reported risk factors of ED, ten [32] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] studies were included both type 1 and type 2 DM. The quality score of included studies, based on the Newcastle-Ottawa quality score assessment, was moderate to high for all 17 articles assessed ( Table 1 ).…”

Prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its associated factors among patients with diabetes in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…These studies were published between 2010 8 and 2020. 16 Of the included studies, three were conducted in Oromia, 8,15,16 two in the Amhara region 9,18 (one from the grey literature), and one in the Tigray region. 17 Except for the study from Mizan-Tepi 15 with a response rate of 94%, the response rate of the remaining five studies was 100%.…”

“…17 Except for the study from Mizan-Tepi 15 with a response rate of 94%, the response rate of the remaining five studies was 100%. 8,9,[16][17][18] The mean age of patients in the six studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis ranged from 41.76 (AE9.00) years 15 to 54.12 (AE16.51) years. Regarding assessment tools of ED, four studies 9,[16][17][18] (the Gondar study was from the grey literature) used the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and one study used the 14-item Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14).…”